L53 -- Bad health habits Flashcards
(47 cards)
2 main factors that predicting the likelihood of a preventive / health behaviour will occur?
Cognitive factor
Situation factor
(+demographic factors)
What are 2 cues to action (stimuli that trigger appropriate health behavior)?
Internal stimuli: perception of bodily states (e.g. aching)
External stimuli: Stimuli from environment, usually Fear in response to education / information (e.g. cigarette packages)
What is vulnerability?
perceived threat to an illness
What is perceived susceptibility?
individual’s belief about whether he / she is likely to contract an illness
What is perceived severity?
degree to which an individual perceives the consequences of having an illness to be severe (e.g. fatality, disability)
How does Hopelessness, helplessness (esp lower socioeconomic class) impact the way an individual regard their health?
Lower Perceived control»_space; regard their health as Not controllable by themselves
What kind of individual is easy to motivate to have good health habits? (think perceived control)
Individuals that regard their health as controlled by them
What is self-efficacy?
individual’s estimate of his / her ability to successfully modify / carry out the desired
behavior
How does optimistic bias occur, leading to unrealistic optimism?
Individuals engage in forms of social comparison that reflect best on themselves
Define Health motivation?
individual’s readiness to be concerned about health matters
What behavior is guided by incentives?
behaviour that is highly governed by its consequences
What belief is response effectiveness?
belief that adopting a new behaviour will reduce the threat
What two factors balance each other and influence response effectiveness?
Perceived benefits and perceived cost of changing one’s behavior
> > change the belief that health behavior can reduce threat
What are some factors assciated as optimistic bias? (think of the ways a chronic smoker in denial of getting lung cancer)
- Lack of personal experience with problem
- Belief that own actions can prevent the problem
- Belief that the problem is unlikely to emerge given it hasnt
- Belief that problem is rare
How can subjective norms influence an individual’s motivation to seek health behavior?
- Perception of social norms
- Pressures to perform a behavior
- Whether the individual is motivated to comply with this pressure
Subjective norm is a powerful way to implement health behavior in what cultures?
Ones where pressure to conform to norm is high
Where group behavior is more prevalent
List some situational barriers that could stop a person from seeking health behavior?
Financial cost
Weather/ pollution
Are older or younger people more likely to adopt to health behavior?
Older: more likely to adopt
Younger: think no immediate threat
How does socioeconomic status and gender influence one’s likelihood to adopt to health behavior?
Socioeconomic status: high = care less of cost to daily lifestyles
Gender: male = less likely to conform
What are the 2 theories under the cognition models for health behavior?
- Health belief model
- Protection Motivation theory
What 2 theories come under the social cognition models?
- Theory of reasoned action
- Theory of planned behavior
What is the limitation of the cognition models?
Focus only on individual
Neglect interaction between individual and environment
What is the limitation of the SOCIAL cognition models?
- Fail to take into account for habitual behaviours
- Intention may not predict actual behavior
What is another name for the Stages-of -change model?
transtheorectical model (TTM)
