Lab 10 Vibrio, Campylobacter, Lawsonia, Helicobacter, Arcobacter, Spirochaetes

Question 1

Vibrio habitat, morphology, staining

Answer 1

Water, brackish and high salt content (halophilic)
Intestine of aquatic animals

Curved rod, polar flagella

Gr-

Question 2

Vibrio culture, biochemistry

Answer 2

Not fastidious, optimal temp lower than 37
Fac. anaerobic
Selective culture: pH 8.6

Cat +
Oxi +
OF: F

Question 3

V. cholerae

Answer 3

Hu cholera: ø clean water
= enteric infection, vomiting and extreme watery diarrhea
Fluid loss up to 20l/day
155 O-groups
NAG: non-cholera vibrios: fish, birds diarrhea

Question 4

V. metschnikovii

Answer 4

Sewage, aquatic animals
OXI NEG
Poultry hemorrhagic enteritis

Question 5

V. parahaemolyticus

Answer 5

ZOONOSIS
Sea animals: crab, shellfish
Thermostabile haemolysin
Food-borne inf in Hu: Gastroenteritis, fever, septicaemia
Ass. with consumption of undercooked seafood

Question 6

Listonella (V.) anguillarum

Answer 6

Marine fish (salmon, eel) skin lesions, septicaemia

Question 7

Lawsonia habitat, morphology, staining and culture

Answer 7

Swine enterocytes, obligate intracellular!
Curved thin rods
Gr-

Microaerophilic, enterocyte cell culture

Question 8

L. intracellularis

Answer 8

Swine proliferative enteropathy (ileum, colon, caecum)

Thickening of int wall, necrosis of mm, enlargement of mesenterial ln

Question 9

Helicobacter habitat, morphology, resistance, staining

Answer 9

Carnivores mucous membranes
Hu stomach and duodenum
Curved helical rod with flagella
R: weak
Gr-

Question 10

Helicobacter culture, biochemistry

Answer 10

Microaerophilic, fastidious: blood, Aa

Cat +
Oxi +
Urease +
(urease prod ammonia: local alkaline, can survive --> gastric ulcer)
Not splitted CH, cytotoxin (H.pylori)

Question 11

H. pylori

Answer 11

Hu chronic gastritis, gastric/duodenal ulcer

Question 12

H. felis

Answer 12

Ca, Fe

Question 13

H. canis

Answer 13

Ca

Question 14

H. mustelae
H. acinonychis
H. bizzozeronii:

Answer 14

Weasel
Cheetah
Su gastric ulcer, Ca, Fe

Question 15

Arcobacter habitat, morphology, staining, culture

Answer 15

Mm: genitals, intestine
Curved rods, flagella
Gr-
Microaerophilic --> aerotolerant
Leptospira and Campylobacter media

Question 16

Arcobacter
Cryaerophilus
Skirrowii
Butzleri

Answer 16

Bo, Su: abortion, mastitis
Bo, Su, Ov: abortion, prepuce
Hu, Apes: enteritis, Bo: abortion

Question 17

Campylobacter habitat, morphology, resistance, staining

Answer 17

Curved rods in gull-winged shapes and spiral forms
Polar flagella

Resistance: weak

Gr-

Question 18

Campylobacter culture

Answer 18

Fastidious
Blood agar w/ pyruvate
Microaerophilic: 6% O2, 10% CO2, 84% N2

Selective culture: vancomycin, polymyxin, trimethoprim
Semisolid media

Question 19

Campylobacter biochemistry

Answer 19

Cat + (except C. mucosalis, C. sputorum)
Oxi +
No CH splitting
Species, subspecies can be diff based on biochemical characteristics

Question 20

C. fetus ssp. fetus

Answer 20

Ov genital campylobacteriosis: abortion

Mammals and birds: enteritis

Question 21

C. fetus ssp. venerealis

Answer 21

Bo genital campylobacteriosis
Bulls asymptomatic carriers: infect cows
Abortion, infertility

Question 22

C. jejuni

Answer 22

Gut of mammals and birds
Ru abortion, mastitis
Ca/Hu: intestinal campylobacteriosis
Av campylobacter hepatitis

Question 23

C. lari

Answer 23

Gut of wild birds and dog, enteritis

Question 24

C. coli

Answer 24

Su/Hu: enterocolitis

Question 25

C. mucosalis, C. hyointestinalis

Answer 25

Su gut, saprophytes | CAT NEG

Question 26

Spirochaetas:

Answer 26

Borrelia, Treponema, Brachyspira, Leptospira

Question 27

Spirochaetas habitat, morphology, resistance

Answer 27

Mucous membranes Arthropods Environment Thin, helical filaments, NO FLAGELLA Special structure: Periplastic flagella: axial movement Elastic cell membrane

Question 28

Spirochaetas staining

Answer 28

Gr-, staining can be difficult Unstained: dark field/phase contrast microscope Giemsa: methanol, methylene blue India ink: background Levaditi's silver impregnation Most are OBLIGATE ANAEROBe

Question 29

What Spirochaetas are difficult to culture?

Answer 29

Borrelia, Treponema: animal trial

Question 30

Which require special demands but can be cultured?

Answer 30

Brachyspira, Leptospira

Question 31

Borrelia habitat, morphology

Answer 31

Infected animals, rodents, arthropods (TICKS) Tropical countries 15-20 periplastic flagella Irregular, linear chromosome

Question 32

B. anserina

Answer 32

Avian borreliosis: avian spirochaetosis Staining: fuchsin, Giemsa, Levaditi, unstained Culture: fastidious (Pr, Hgb), egg, animal trial R: weak Vectors: ticks, acari

Question 33

B. burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garinii

Answer 33

``` LYME-BORRELIOSIS Staining: Giemsa or unstained Difficult to culture Natural hosts: small rodents, ticks (vectors) Hu, Ca, Eq: Lyme disease (JB) ```

Question 34

B. thelieri

Answer 34

Eq, Bo borreliosis in tropics

Question 35

B. recurrentis, B. hispanica, B. caucasica

Answer 35

Hu tick-borne relapsing fever

Question 36

Treponema habitat, staining

Answer 36

Infected animals, humans, mucous membranes (oral cav, genitals) Pathogenic species cannot be stained or cultured

Question 37

T. pallidum T. paraluiscuniculi T. denticola, T. parvum

Answer 37

Hu syphilis Rabbit syphilis Hu oral cav

Question 38

Brachyspira habitat, morphology, staining, culture

Answer 38

Swine large int (old name serpulina) Helical rods Fuchsin, Giemsa, unstained Histo --> silver! Obligate anaerobic! Fastidious: blood agar (beta/weak hemolysis) Smear from feces: spiral

Question 39

B. hyodysenteriae

Answer 39

``` fast, obl ana, blood agar, 3-7 days, beta hemolysis Selective: spectinomycin Ag: 9 serogroups R: weak, can live 1 week in feces Swine dysentery! ```

Question 40

B. pilosicoli

Answer 40

Weak hemolysis | Su int spirochaetosis

Question 41

B. intermedia

Answer 41

Weak hemolysis | Su spirochaeta colitis

Question 42

B. innocens

Answer 42

Saprophyte, weak hemolysis

Question 43

Leptospira habitat, morphology, resistance

Answer 43

Inf animals: pathogens Environment, water: saprophytes Helical rods, hooked R: weak Dry environment: hours Water: weeks

Question 44

Leptospira staining, culture

Answer 44

``` Unstained or levaditis silver impregnation Aerobic, 28-30C Primary culture: 6-16 weeks Pure culture: 1 week Nutrients: FFA, inorganic N, Vit B1, B12 Korthof medium, EMJH medium Animal trial ```

Question 45

Leptospira biochem, antigens

Answer 45

EC lipase production is characteristic 21 species 7 are pathogenic

Question 46

L. ichterohaemorrhagiae

Answer 46

Ca, Eq generalized disease, fever

Question 47

``` Leptospirosis L. ichterophaemorrhagiae L. grippotyphosa L. hardjo L. sejroe L. pomona L. tarassovi L. canicola ```

Answer 47

Kidney, liver | Abortion, fever, hemoglobinuria

Question 48

L. hardjo

Answer 48

Bo, Ov abortion

Question 49

L. pomona

Answer 49

Su, Bo abortion, hemoglobinuria