Lab 4 Mycobacterium etc Flashcards
(71 cards)
1
Q
Mycobacterium habitat
A
Infected host: obligate pathogens
Environment: facultative pathogens
Soil, water, plants
2
Q
Mycobacterium morphology and resistance
A
Morpholoy: rods, coccoid, filaments
3
Q
Mycobacterium cell wall structure
A
Mycolic acids
Lipids, waxes (increases resistance)
Surface proteins: virulence factors
4
Q
Mycobacterium stains:
A
Gram +
Ziehl-Neelson positive (red)
- Fuchsin binds to lipids
Acid and alkaline fast
5
Q
Mycobacterium culture:
A
Obligate aerobic (needs oxygen) Broth: Henley, Sauton (cord formation) Solid: egg, serum agar, glycine potato Selective: petragnani (malachite green) Inoculation after acid or alkaline treatment
6
Q
What is different with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis?
A
Needs mycobactin in the culture
7
Q
M. tuberculosis Incubation time Shape Solid medium Broth
A
3-6 weeks
Slender rods
Dry colonies
Thin film
8
Q
M. bovis Incubation time Shape Solid medium Broth
A
4-8 weeks
Short rods
Wet colonies
Islands
9
Q
M. avium subsp. avium Incubation time Shape Solid medium Broth
A
2-3 weeks
Polymorph
Cream-like colonies
Thick film, sediment
10
Q
M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis
A
6-12 weeks
Short rods
Wet colonies
Thin film
11
Q
Mycobacterium antigens
A
Glycolipids, lipoproteins
Cross-reactions within genera (BCG)
Immunoelectrophoresis
12
Q
Tuberculin, uses
A
Old/New
Used to test for tuberculosis (Mantoux)
Old: broth culture, boiled, filtered, conc
New: purified protein derivate (trichloroacetic acid
13
Q
Mycobacterium Obligate pathogens
A
Tuberculosis, paratuberculosis
14
Q
Mycobacterium Facultative pathogens
A
Mycobacteriosis, atypical
15
Q
3 groups/complexes of mycobacterium
A
M. tuberculosis
M. avium
M. leprae
16
Q
M. tuberculosis-complex
A
M. tuberculosis M. africanum M. bovis M. caprae M. microti M. pinnipedi
17
Q
M. tuberculosis
A
Hu Su Ca Fe Bo Parrot
18
Q
M. africanum
A
Hu
Bo
Su
19
Q
M. bovis
A
Hu Ru Su Ca Fe BCG vax came from a M.bovis strain
20
Q
M. caprae
A
Hu Ru Su Ca Fe
21
Q
M. microti
A
Rodents
22
Q
M. pinnipedi
A
Seals
23
Q
Pathogenic mycobacteria
A
M. avium subspecies: Avium Paratuberculosis Silvaticum Hominissuis
24
Q
M. avium subsp. avium
A
Bird tuberculosis
25
M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis
Ruminant paratuberculosis (small int)
26
M. avium subsp. silvaticum
Bird tuberculosis, ruminant paratuberculosis
27
M. avium subsp. hominissuis
Su, Hu
28
M. leprae
Human leprosy (spedalskhet)
29
M. lepraemurium
Mouse, rat, Ca, Fe
30
4 groups of facultative pathogens of mycobacterium
| non-tuberculous
1. Photochromogens
2. Scotochromogens
3. Non-chromogens
4. Rapid growers
31
1. Photochromogens
Light needed for pigment production
Slow-growing, yellow pigment production
M. kansasii, M. marinum
32
2. Scotochromogens
Light NOT needed for pigment production
| M. scrofulaceum, M. gordonae
33
3. Non-chromogens
No pigment is ever produced
| M. intracellulare, M. terrae
34
4. Rapid growers
M. phlei, M. fortuitum
35
Nocardia habitat and morphology
Habitat: soil
Morphology: long branched filaments, RODS
36
Nocardia culture and pathogenicity:
Obligate aerobic
Carotenoid pigments
Aerial filaments
Facultative pathogens
Local lesions, low virulence
37
N. asteroides
Bo: chronic suppiration, skin, subcut, mastitis
Ca: general nocardiosis
38
Actinomycetaceae consists of
Actinomyces, Trueperella (Arcanobacterium), Actinobaculum
39
Actinomyces
| Specific things
Sulphur granules
Facultative anaerobic
Blood agar
40
Actinomycetaceae are
Facultative pathogens
Heterogenous morphology
Habitat: mucous membranes
41
Actinomyces bovis
Bo lumpy jaw
42
Actinomyces hyovaginalis
Abortion
43
Actinomyces suimastidis
Mastitis in Su
44
Actinomyces viscosus
Hu/Ca karies (10%CO2)
45
Actinomyces israeli
Hu actinomycosis
46
Actinomyces hordeovulneris
Ca actinomycosis (epicarditis, pleuritis)
47
Trueperella/Arcanobacterium morphology and culture
Morphology: curved rods, coryneform
Culture: blood/serum agar
Beta-hemolysis
Needs protein
48
Trueperella pyogenes
Toxin
Local suppuration
Pyometra in dogs, mastitis in Bo
49
Actinobaculum Suis
| Habitat, culture, pathogenicity
Habitat: preputial mucosa of boars
Culture: anaerobic, blood agar
Pathogenicity: cystitis, pyelonephritis
50
Dermatophilus Congolensis
| Habitat, morphology
Habitat: soil, skin
Morphology: coccoid - filaments
51
Dermatophilus Congolensis
| Culture and sporing
Culture: aeribic + capnophilic
Fastidious: blood agar
Zoospore: flagellated spores!
52
Dermatophilus Congolensis virulence and pathogenicity
Proteases that damages skin
| Exudative dermatitis of Ov, Bo and Hu
53
Streptomyces habitat and morphology and pathogenicity
Habitat: soil
Morphology: large, branched filaments
Not pathogenic
54
Streptomyces antibiotic production
S. griseus = streptomycin
S. fradiae = neomycin
S. rimosus = oxytetracyclin
S. venezuelae = chloramphenicol
55
Corynebacterium habitat and morphology
```
Habitat: mucous membranes, skin, milk, soil
Morphology: polymorphism, pleomorphism
Middle-sized rods
Coccoid rods
Curved rods
Coryneform rods
```
Single, palisade or chinese letters
56
Corynebacterium stain and culture, catalase and oxidase
Metachromatic granules: some parts of the bacteria are stained differently
Can look gram-
Blood agar
Beta hemolysis
Catalase +, oxidase -
57
Corynebacterium pathogenicity
Local suppuration: lymphadenitis, lymphangitis
Arthritis, metritis, mastitis
58
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis morphology, hemolysis, virulence factors
Polymorphic, fimbriae
Beta-hemolysis
V. factors: exotoxins (phospholipase D), lipoids in cell wall
59
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
| Nitrate negative biotype
Ov/Cap: pseudotuberculosis
| Abortion, arthritis
60
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
| Nitrate positive biotype
Eq ulcerative lymphangitis
61
C. renale
Fimbria, bo (eq/su) pyelonephritis, cystitis
62
C. pilosum
Bo pyelonephritis, cystitis
63
C. cystidis
Bo hemorrhagic cystitis
64
C. bovis
Udder, milk, mastitis, abortion
65
C. kutscheri
Rodents
66
Rhodococcus Equi
| Habitat and morphology
Habitat: soil, plants, Eq gut
Morphology: coccus-rod cycle (rod=replication)
CAPSULE
67
Rhodococcus Equi culture
Simple: nutrient agar + nutrient broth
Pink pigment: capsule!!
Rough/smooth colonies
68
Rhodococcus Equi pathogenicity
Intracellular pathogens
vapA (plasmid, virulent)
Foal: pneumonia, lung abscesses, inflammation of gut wall
Su/Bo: mesenteric lymph node, abscesses
Hu: pneumonia (AIDS)
69
Renibacterium salmoninaruim
| Habitat and morphology
Habitat: water, fish
Morphology: rods, short chains
70
Renibacterium salmoninaruim culture and pathogenicity
Culture: aerobic, 15-18 degrees, fastidious (cysteine, serum)
Obligate pathogenic, intracellular
71
Renibacterium salmoninaruim
| Salmon, trout
Abcsesses in kidneys and other organs, septicaemia
