lab 2 - tissues Flashcards
characteristics, function, and location of epithelial tissue (general)
many cells close together with very little matrix in between
each cell has an apical and basal surface
basal surface connects to underlying CT
below basal surface is the basement membrane and there is also free space
characteristics, function, and location of simple squamous epithelial tissue
flat cells with a buldge in the center for the flattened nucleus
only one cell layer thick
often located in places where things have to cross the alveoli quickly
ex. alveoli of lungs for diffusion, blood vessels
characteristics, function, and location of simple cuboidal epithelial tissue
cells are tall as they are wide with the round nucleus taking up a majority of the cell
found in kidneys, lining respiratory passsages, and glands like the thyroid gland
characteristics, function, and location of simple columnar epithelial tissue
cells are taller than they are wide with a spherical nucleus at the base of the cell
the plasma membrane often has cilia or microvilli
found in the internal lining of gallbladder and small intestine, certain respiratory passages.
possess goblet cells which secrete the mucus
characteristics, function, and location of psuedostratified columnar epithelial tissue
only one layer but it looks stratified, nuclei are at different heights in the cell
all cells are attached to the basal surface but dont always have an apical surface
shape is always columnar
can be found in the internal lining of the trachea and other parts of the respiratory tract (can sometimes be called respiratory epithelium)
characteristics, function, and location of stratified epithelial tissue
multiple layers
top layer can be dead (keratinized) or alive (nonkeratinized)
multiple flattened cells
can be found in the internal lining of perianal skin
keratinized strat squamous can resist mechanical stress, so they are found in the superficial skin to fight environmental stressors
nonkeratinized strat squamous can withstand less mechanical stress and therefore can be found in the oral cavity, pharynx, anus, and vagina - not as thick
characteristics, function, and location of stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue
rare in the body
line the ducts of certain glands such as internal lining of sweat glands in the dermis
protection of glands
characteristics, function, and location of transitional epithelial tissue
also called urinary epithelial tissue
cells can change shape
typically, the apical surface of cells are dome shaped but when the tissue stretches, they flatten and can look squamous in appearance
found in the internal lining of the urinary bladder and ureters
characteristics, function, and location of dense regular connective tissue
collagen in parallel bundles with little ground substance and few cells
very strong - good for tensile strength
located in connections between muscle and tendon (and ligaments)
characteristics, function, and location of dense irregular connective tissue
bundles of collagen arranged in an irregular, haphazard fashion
very strong - good for tensile strength in multiple planes
ex. dermis of skin and joint and organ capsules
characteristics, function, and location of elastic connective tissue
elastic fibers arranged in parallel bundles
found in organs that need to be both distensible and elastic (able to change size)
ex. in walls of artery that are subject to pressure and size changes
also in the dermis of the skin
and certain ligaments -> elastic CT allows them to not tear whenever they are stretched
characteristics, function, and location of reticular connective tissue
posses reticular cells which produce reticular fibers arranged in a net that can trap pathogens and foreign cells
ex. in the interior of the spleen, interior of lymph nodes
also in blood vessels and nerves where the fibers form supportive networks
characteristics, function, and location of areolar connective tissue
mostly ground substance
contains all three fiber types but you can really only see elastic and collagen fibers on a slide
found as part of the basement membrane
found in the walls of hollow organs and is the glue that binds together tissue layers of the organs
characteristics, function, and location of adipose tissue
made up of large cells (adipocytes) with collagen fibers in the ECM
each adipocyte has a large lipid droplet that occupies basically the whole cell and pushes the nuclei to the sides
adipose tissue is distributed throughout the body - under the skin and around organs
characteristics, function, and location of hyaline cartilage
smooth and glassy appearance, covers the ends of bones to form joints
possesses chondrocytes scattered in the ECM with few visible fibers (collagen)
eliminates friction between joints
found in the internal trachea, connecting ribs to sternum, and forming framework for the nose
