Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > labs 4-6 - skeletal system functions, etc. > Flashcards

labs 4-6 - skeletal system functions, etc. Flashcards

1
Q

osteon

A

densely packed repeating structures that make up compact bone tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

lacuna (ae)

A

small cavities that contain osteocytes which monitor and maintain the bone ECM
connected by canaliculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the ECM of osseous tissue made of

A

organic component - ground sustance and collagen
inorganic component - Ca hydroxyapatite crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

canaliculi

A

tiny canals which connect osteocytes together allowing for communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

concentric lamella (ae)

A

osteocyte layers surrounding central canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

periosteum

A

most superficial layer of bone, made of dense irregular connective tissue with lots of blood vessels and nerves
extending collagen fibers (perforating fibers) anchor it to bone
has osteoblasts and osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

endosteum

A

lines central canals and has osteoblasts and osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

central canal

A

location of blood vessels and nervs supporting osteocytes of osteon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

interstitial lamella (ae)

A

old osteocyte layers (presence due to bone remodeling) located in between osteons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

circumferential lamella (ae)

A

osteocyte layers surrounding superficial layers of bone, giving additional strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

compact bone

A

hard, dense, immediately deep to periosteum made up of repeating osteons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

spongy bone

A

deep to compact bone, resembles a sponge, latticework type structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

trabecula (ae)

A

tiny bone spicules, lined with endosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bone marrow

A

red bone marrow produces blood cells
yelllow bone marrow is made up of adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

perforating (volkmann canal)

A

canals that allow for passage of blood
lined by endosteum
run perpendicular to lamella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

nutrient foramina

A

openings in the superficial portion of bone, allowing for blood vessels and nerves to enter perforating canals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

facet

A

shallow indented surface where two bones meet to form a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

fossa

A

deep indented surface, usually allows a rounded surface of another bone to fit inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

fovea

A

shallow pit, often a site for ligament attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

groove

A

long, shallow depression, usually a location for blood vessel or nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

sulcus

A

another name for groove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

notch

A

deep cut (or notch) in a bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

canal

A

passageway through bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

meatus

A

another name for canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
fissure
slit within bone or between bones
26
foramen
hole in bone through which a structure such as a nerve or blood vessel passes
27
sinus
a cavity; usually something is found inside the cavity or it is empty
28
condyle
round end of a bone that fits into a fossa or facet of another bone
29
epidcondyle
small projection proximal to a condyle; usually the site of muscle attachment
30
crest
ridge along a bone, usually a site for muscle attachment
31
head
rounded end of bone that fits into the fossa to form a joint
32
line
ridge along a bone where muscles attach
33
process
any bone projection; usually site of muscle attachment
34
protuberance
an outgrowth on a bone due to repetitive pull from a muscle
35
trochanter
large bony projection to which a muscle attaches, only example is in the femur
36
tubercle
small rounded projecttion where muscles attach
37
tuberosity
a large, more prominnent tubercle
38
ramus (rami)
branch of a bone
39
head of humerus articulates with ___
glenoid cavity of scapula
40
what happens at the capitulum
the capitullum of the humerus is where the radius articulates with the humerus its a condyle
41
what happens at the trochlea
the trochlea of the humerus is where the ulna articulates with the ulna its a condyle
42
the head of the radius articulates with ____
the radial notch of the ulna and capitulum of humerous
43
the ulna is _____ the radius is ______
ulna is medial radius is lateral
44
the ulnar notch of the radius articulates with ______
the head of the ulna
45
the radial notch of the ulna articulates with ____-
the head of the radius
46
the head of the ulna articulates with _____
the ulnar notch of the radius
47
the head of the femur inserts into ____
the acetabulum of pelvis
48
the medial and lateral condyles of femur articulates with _____-
with the condyles of the tibia
49
the articular facets of the patella articulate with _____
the patellar surface of the femur
50
in the patella, the larger articular facet is _____
lateral
51
the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia articulate with ____
condyles of the femur
52
what are the characteristics of a male pelvis (6)
narrower pelvic inlet narrow angle of the pubic arch inverted ischial tuberosities acetabulae are closer together and larger coccyx is curved anteriorly the greater sciatic notch forms an angle less than 90°
53
what are the characteristics of a female pelvis (6)
wider pelvic inlet wide angle of the pubic arch ischial tuberosities are everted acetabulae are farther apart and smaller coccyx is straighter greater sciatic notch forms an angle greater than 90°
54
how to tell between left or right scapulas
scapular spine posterior, glenoid cavity lateral
55
how to tell between left or right clavicles
sternal end to sternum, acromial end to acromion conoid tubercle inferior and posterior
56
how to tell between left or right humeri
radial and coronoid fossa anterior, greater tubercle lateral
57
how to tell between left or right radii
radial tuberosity anterior, ulnar notch medial, styloid process lateral
58
how to tell between left or right ulnas
trochlear notch anterior, radial notch lateral, styloid process medial
59
how to tell between left or right femurs
head medial, greater trochanter lateral, linea aspera posterior
60
how to tell between left or right patellas
articular facet posterior, apex of patella inferior larger articular facet lateral
61
how to tell between left or right tibias
medial malleolus medial, tibial tuberosity anterior
62
how to tell between left or right fibula
lateral malleolus lateral, apex posterior/lateral
63
how to tell between left or right pelvises
ischial tuberosity posterior, greater sciatic notch posterior, acetabulum lateral
64
how many vertebrae are there
33
65
scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, most often in the thoracic region sometimes resulting from a developmental abnormality in the body and the arch fails to develop on one side of the vertebra can be corrected with a back brace
66
kyphosis
an exaggerated thoracic curvature, usually resulting from osteoporosis but can also occur in people with osteomalacia or spinal tuberculosis in adolescents who engage in spine heavy sports
67
lordosis
exaggerated lumbar curvature same causes as kyphosis or may be caused by added abdominal weight from pregnancy or obesity
68
superior and inferior articular facet purpose
articulates with superior and inferior vertebra
69
transverse foramen purpose
allow passage of blood vessels
70
purpose of atlas
allows nodding of head by articulating with occipital condyles
71
purpose of axis
atlas sits on the odontoid process and allows for rotating of head
72
purpose of costal facets on thoracic vertebrae
serve as attachment points for all 12 pairs of ribs
73
which kinds of costal facets are present on which thoracic vertebrae?
inferior costal facet (T1-T9) superior costal facet (T2-T10) transverse costal facet (T1-T10) complete costal facet (T1, T10-T12)
74
which kinds of articular facets are present on which ribs?
inferior articular facet (ribs 2-9) superior articular facet (ribs 2-9) tubercle articular facet (ribs 1-10) complete articular facet (ribs 1, 10-12)
75
what are true ribs
ribs that attach to the sternum with their own cartilage
76
what are false ribs
ribs that attach to the sternum with cartilage of rib 7
77
what are floating ribs
ribs that do not attach to the sternum
78
which ribs are true, false, and floating
true - ribs 1-7 false - ribs 8-10 floating - ribs 11-12
79
location/function of hyoid bone
sits just superior to the larynx, held in place by muscles, cartilage, and ligaments aids in tongue movement and swallowing serves as an attachment point for larynx and trachea
80
purpose of foramen magnum
passageway for spinal cord to reach brain
81
purpose of jugular foramen
passageway for internal jugular vein, bringing blood from brain to heart
82
purpose of carotid canal
passageway for internal carotid artery, bringing blood from heart to head
83
purpose of optic canal
passageway for optic nerve (vision)
84
purpose of external auditory meatus
opening for sound transmission to reach inner ear
85
purpose of internal auditory meatus
opening for vestibulocochlear (hearing) nerve to reach brain
86
what are the various features that are part of the ethmoid bone
superior nasal concha, middle nasal concha, perpendicular plate, cribiform plate, crista gali, olfactory foramina
87
purpose of superior and middle nasal concha
forms lateral wall of nasal cavity, allowing olfactory neurons in (smell)
88
purpose of cribiform plate
holds olfactory bulb
89
purpose of crista gali
separates the left and right olfactory nerves for smell
90
purpose of olfactory foramina
olfactory neurons pass through foramen into nasal cavity
91
purpose of inferior nasal concha (ae) bone
forms lateral wall of nasal cavity, sits inferior to middle nasal concha
92
what are the various features of the sphenoid bone
hypophyseal fossa, dorsum sellae, sella turcica
93
purpose of sella turcica
part of the sphenoid bone, holds pituitary gland
94
purpose of hypophyseal fossa
pituitary gland sits within the fossa
95
purpose of dorsum sellae
back of the "seat" for pituitary gland
96
purpose of petrous part of the temporal bone
inner ear sits deep to this bone, has the internal auditory meatus
97
purpose of alveolus (alveoli)
tooth sockets which house teeth
98
purpose of alveolar processes
the ridges which surrounds alveoli.

Anatomy (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions