Lab 24 Palate and Nasopharynx

Question 1

What is the best place to look for the palatine nerves and vessels? Where will we trace them?

Answer 1

the greater and lesser palatine foramen because they are largest here, trace anteriorly

Question 2

Posterior to the greater palatines, identify the ____ nerve and _____ artery that supply the soft palate.

Answer 2

lesser palatine for both

Question 3

The palate is covered by _____, which contains numerous _______ on the oral surface.

Answer 3

mucosa, contains numerous mucous glands (palatine glands)

Question 4

What is deep to the palatopharyngeal fold? ;)

Answer 4

palatopharyngeus muscle

Question 5

What are the anterior, posterior, and lateral boundaries of the tonsillar bed for the palatine tonsil?

Answer 5

anterior- palatoglossal fold
posterior- palatopharyngeal fold
superior pharyngeal constrictor- lateral

Question 6

What branch of trigeminal is found within the pterygopalatine fossa?

Answer 6

maxillary nerve (V2)

Question 7

What passes through the inferior orbital fissure to enter the infraorbital canal and then through the infraorbital foramen?

Answer 7

infraorbital artery

Question 8

The maxillary artery can be followed to the pterygomaxillary fissure where it gives off 3 branches. Name them.

Answer 8

Sphenopalatine artery, descending palatine artery, infraorbital artery

Question 9

Conical-shaped posterior end of the soft palate is called what?

Answer 9

uvula

Question 10

What are the attachments of the levator veli palatini?

Answer 10

pharyngotympanic tube, temporal bone, and palatine aponeurosis

Question 11

The palate consists of 2 portions. What are they?

Answer 11

The hard palate- anterior 2/3

The soft palate- posterior 1/3

Question 12

What is a terminal branch of the maxillary artery?

Answer 12

the descending palatine artery of course

Question 13

What gives the soft palate its strength?

Answer 13

palatine aponeurosis

Question 14

What passes through pterygopalatine fossa and then through the sphenopalatine foramen to enter the nasal cavity?

Answer 14

sphenopalatine artery

Question 15

What is deep to the salpingopharyngeal fold? ;)

Answer 15

salpingopharyngeus muscle

Question 16

What is a slight bulge anterior to the opening of the pharyngotympanic tube? This covers the tensor veli palatini!!!

Answer 16

salpingopalatine fold

Question 17

The greater palatine nerve should be _____ and more _____ than the lesser.

Answer 17

larger and more anterior

Question 18

The bulge superior to the opening of the pharyngotympanic tube is called what?

Answer 18

torus tubarius

Question 19

What nerve courses from the foramen rotundum towards the inferior orbital fissure?

Answer 19

the maxillary nerve

Question 20

What muscle enters the pharynx between the superior and middle constrictors with the glossopharyngeal nerve?

Answer 20

stylopharyngeus- also lies anterior and parallel to the palato- and salpingopharyngeus muscles, then blends with them inferiorly

Question 21

The palate forms the floor of the _____ cavity and the roof of the _____ cavity.

Answer 21

nasal, oral

Question 22

What lies lateral to the medial plate of pterygoid process? Where does it originate?

Answer 22

• tensor veli palatini
• originates on the scaphoid fossa between the medial and lateral plates, its tendon wraps around the pterygoid hamulus to form the palatine aponeurosis

Question 23

What 3 things are found in the greater palatine canal?

Answer 23

the greater palatine nerve, lesser palatine nerve, and the descending palatine artery

Question 24

The ridge in the floor of the sinus indicates the location of the _____ canal. A nerve is found here entering the pterygopalatine fossa from the ____.

Answer 24

Pterygoid canal with the nerve of pterygoid canal

posterior

Question 25

What does the maxillary nerve give off before reaching the infraorbital fissure?

Answer 25

the infraobrital nerve

Question 26

Muscles attaching to the posterior 2/3 of the soft palate allow for what?

Answer 26

movement

Question 27

This muscle is found from the cartilage of the pharyngotympanic tube and blends with the palatopharyngeus to attach to the thyroid cartilage and pharyngeal wall.

Answer 27

salpingopharyngeus

Question 28

What is the bulge inferior to the opening of the pharyngotympanic tube and covers the levator veli palatini?

Answer 28

torus levatorius

Question 29

The nerve of the pterygoid canal is found between the anterior wall of the ____ and its attachment to the ______.

Answer 29

sphenoidal sinus pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 30

The 5 muscles of the soft palate are innervated by the _____ nerve while the tensor veli palatini is innervated by the ______ nerve.

Answer 30

vagus (X), mandibular (V3) 5 muscles of soft palate- SalPh, LVP, PalGlo, PalPh, musculus uvulae

Question 31

What foramen is at the posterior end of the middle nasal concha?

Answer 31

sphenopalatine foramen

Question 32

What is deep to the palatoglossal fold? ;)

Answer 32

palatoglossus muscle

Question 33

What is attached to the palatine aponeurosis, hard palate and inferiorly to the thyroid cartilage and pharyngeal wall?

Answer 33

palatopharyngeus muscle

Question 34

What nerve passes between the superior and middle constrictors to enter the tonsillar bed? Where is this usually found in relation to the palatine tonsil?

Answer 34

``` glossoharyngeal nerve (IX) inferior margin ```

Question 35

What is the gap superior to the superior pharyngeal constrictor partially filled with? What passes through the gap?

Answer 35

- filled with pharyngobasilar fascia | - the pharyngotympanic tube and levator veli palatini muscle pass through the gap

Question 36

What DESCENDS to enter the greater palatine canal?

Answer 36

descending palatine artery