LAB PRACTICAL #1

Question 1

What are the planes of the body?

Answer 1

Sagittal
Coronal
Transverse

Question 2

Medial

Answer 2

Towards the midline

Question 3

Lateral

Answer 3

Away from the midline

Question 4

Proximal

Answer 4

indicates the part of the body that is CLOSEST to the point of attachment

Question 5

Distal

Answer 5

the point of the body that is farthest AWAY from a standard point of attachment

Question 6

Histology

Answer 6

study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues

Question 7

Organ

Answer 7

A structure usually composed of several tissue types that form a functional unit

Question 8

Tissue

Answer 8

A group of similar cells that perform a specific function

Question 9

Cell

Answer 9

The smallest unit of life

Question 10

Order of Complexity (simple-most)

Answer 10

Cell
Tissue
Organ

Question 11

Nucleus

Answer 11

directs cell activity

Question 12

endosplasmic reticulum

Answer 12

network of tubules and flattened sacs

Question 13

Ribosomes

Answer 13

spherical body in cytoplasm
aids in protein synthesis

Question 14

mitochondria

Answer 14

powerhouse of the cell
site of cellular respiration
produces atp

Question 15

centrioles

Answer 15

involved in the organization of the mitotic spindle

completion of cytokenesis

Question 16

What is the magnification of the eyepiece

Answer 16

10x

Question 17

What is the magnification of the scanning lens?

Answer 17

4x (red)

Question 18

What is the magnification of the low power lens?

Answer 18

10x (yellow)

Question 19

What is the magnification of the high power lens?

Answer 19

40x (green or blue)

Question 20

What is the magnification of the oil immersion lens?

Answer 20

100x (silver or white)

Question 21

magnification

Answer 21

the ability to make small objects appear larger

Question 22

Total magnification equation

Answer 22

Lens power x 10(ocular lens) = total magnification

Question 23

field of vision

Answer 23

what you see when you look through the eyepiece

Question 24

Field of vision principle

Answer 24

AS magnification INCREASES field of vision DECREASES

Question 25

Working Distance

Answer 25

Distance between the objective lens and the sample

Question 26

Working Distance principle

Answer 26

Working Distance DECREASES as magnification INCREASES

Question 27

Cell Cycle

Answer 27

the sequence of events from the time a cell first arises as a result of cell division until the time when that cell divides itself

Question 28

Interphase Parts

Answer 28

G1phase S phase G2 phase

Question 29

G1 phase

Answer 29

the cell grows, develops and functions as a particular type of cell

Question 30

S phase

Answer 30

DNA is replicatiated to produce two identical strands called chromatids

Question 31

G2 phase

Answer 31

cell continues to function but prepares for division

Question 32

What does chromatin consist of?

Answer 32

DNA and Proteins that form the chromosomes

Question 33

Mitotic Phase

Answer 33

Division of a single cell into two new cells

Question 34

Steps of Mitotic Phase

Answer 34

"PMAT" Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Question 35

Division of the nucleus

Answer 35

by Mitosis or "regular division"

Question 36

prophase

Answer 36

Chromosomes wind up Nuclear envelope breaks down Chromosomes consist of 2 identical chromatids (temporarily connected by a centromere)

Question 37

Metaphase

Answer 37

Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell (middle) Spindle Apparatus is fully formed

Question 38

Spindle Apparatus consists of

Answer 38

centioles microtubules

Question 39

Anaphase

Answer 39

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell

Question 40

Telophase

Answer 40

Chromosomes unwind Nuclear envelopes are reformed End of mitosis

Question 41

Cytokinesis

Answer 41

Division of the cytoplasm Division of the rest of the cell (Cell splits into two daughter cells) NOT PART OF MITOSIS

Question 42

End result of mitosis and cytokinesis..

Answer 42

2 identical cells identical DNA each daughter cell is identical to original cells

Question 43

aWhat effect does moving the diaphragm have on light?

Answer 43

increase/ decrease of light

Question 44

What is the longest stage of the cell cycle

Answer 44

interphase

Question 45

WHen do chromosomes appear as thickened masses?

Answer 45

during phrosphase

Question 46

What causes brownian movement to occur?

Answer 46

the solvent colliding with the solute kinetic energy is transferred to the solute

Question 47

Solvent

Answer 47

disslover

Question 48

solute

Answer 48

what's being dissolved

Question 49

what drives diffusion to occur

Answer 49

concentration gradient

Question 50

Filtrate

Answer 50

the substance that passes through the filter

Question 51

what forces drive filtration

Answer 51

hydrostatic pressure gravity pull

Question 52

Why does water move out of the cell during osmosis?

Answer 52

low solute concentration

Question 53

Why does water move into the cell during osmosis?

Answer 53

High solute concentration

Question 54

types toncity terms

Answer 54

hyper-tonic hypo-tonic iso-tonic

Question 55

definition of toncity temrs

Answer 55

describes concentration of a solution relative to the concentration of a cell in the solution

Question 56

hypertonic

Answer 56

lower solute concentration than cell water rushes into cell> bursts (lysis)

Question 57

hypotonic

Answer 57

higher solute concentration water rushes out of cell>cell shrinks (cremate)

Question 58

isotonic

Answer 58

same solute concentration of cell (already at equillibrium