[LAB] Precipitation Flashcards
1
Q
INTERACTION BETWEEN A SOLUBLE ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODY IN CORRECT PROPORTIONS RESULTING IN A VISIBLE INSOLUBLE COMLEX
A
PRECIPITATION
2
Q
PRECIPITINOGEN
A
ANTIGEN
3
Q
PRECIPITIN
A
ANTIBODY
4
Q
PRECIPITATE
A
INSOLUBLE COMPLEX FORMED
5
Q
IS THERE STILL LATICE FORMATION IN A PRECIPITATION REACTION
A
YES
6
Q
STAGES OF PRECIPITATION
A
SENSITIZATION
LATTICE FORMATION
7
Q
IG THAT IS BETTER AT PRECIPITATING AB
A
IGG
8
Q
IG THAT IS BETTER AT AGGLUTINATING AB
A
IGM
9
Q
NON PRECIPITATING IG
A
IGE
IGD
10
Q
ORDER OF BEST PRECIPITINS
MOST TO LEAST
A
IGG
IGM
IGA
11
Q
FOR LATTICE FORMATION TO OCCUR, THE AG AND AB HAVE TO AT LEAST BE
A
BIVALENT
12
Q
TEMPERATURE AT WHICH RAPID PRECIPITATION OCCURS
A
40-45C
13
Q
TEMPERATURE FOR COMPLETE PRECIPITATION TO OCCUR
A
0-4C
14
Q
PH AT WHICH PRECIPITATION REACTIONS OCCUR
A
PH 6-7.5
15
Q
EFFECT OF SALT ON THE SOLUBILITY OF AG-AB COMPLEXES
A
INCREASES SOLUBILITY
16
Q
SALT CONCENTRATION USED TO INCREASE SOLUBILITY
A
1.5 M
17
Q
RELATIONSHIP OF AVIDITY AND DISSOCIATION
A
THE HIGHER THE AVIDITY OF THE AB
THE LESSER THE TENDENCY TO DISSOCIATE AND DISSOLVE
18
Q
RATIO OF ANTIGEN DILUTION TO ANTIBODY DILUTION
A
EQUIVALENCE POINT
19
Q
POINT AT WHICH THERE IS LITTLE OR NO DIFFERENCE IN THE AMOUNT OF PRECIPITATION
A
ZONE OF EQUIVALENCE
20
Q
RATIO OF AG TO AB WHERE REACTION IS MOST RAPID
A
OPTIMUM PROPORTION
21
Q
ZONE OF ANTIGEN EXCESS
A
PROZONE
ZONE OF INHIBITION
22
Q
ZONE IN WHICH THE SUPERNATANT CONTAINS FREE ANTIGENS
A
PROZONE
ZONE OF INHIBITION
23
Q
ZONE IN WHICH THE SUPERNATANT CONTAINS FREE ANTIGENS
A
POSTZONE
24
Q
ZONE OF ANTIBODY EXCESS
A
POSTZONE
25
ALL AG AND AB ARE INVOLVED IN THE FORMATION OF PRECIPITATION
OPTIMUM PROPORTION
26
NEITHER FREE AG OR AB CAN BE DETECTED
OPTIMUM PROPORTION
27
[DEAN AND WEBB OR RAMON PROCEDURE]
AG IS DILUTED AND ADDED TO K AMOUNTS OF AB
DEAN AND WEBB
28
[DEAN AND WEBB OR RAMON PROCEDURE]
DETECTS THE SMALLEST AMOUNT OF AG THAT CAN GIVE A VISIBLE REACTION
DEAN AND WEBB
29
[DEAN AND WEBB OR RAMON PROCEDURE]
PROZONE: AG EXCESS
POSTZONE: AB EXCESS
DEAN AND WEBB
30
[DEAN AND WEBB OR RAMON PROCEDURE]
ALPHA PROCEDURE
DEAN AND WEBB
31
[DEAN AND WEBB OR RAMON PROCEDURE]
AB IS DILUTED AND ADDED TO K AMUNTS OF AG
RAMON
32
[DEAN AND WEBB OR RAMON PROCEDURE]
PRECIPITATION OCCURS IN A MUCH NARROWER RANGE OF REACTANT SILUTIONS
RAMON
33
[DEAN AND WEBB OR RAMON PROCEDURE]
DETECTS THE SMALLEST AMOUNT OF AB THAT WILL CAUSE A PRECIPITATION REACTION
RAMON
34
[DEAN AND WEBB OR RAMON PROCEDURE]
PROZONE: AB EXCESS
POSTZONE: AG EXCESS
RAMON
35
MAJOR DETERRENT TO THE USE OF FLUID PRECIPITATION TESTS
ZONING PHENOMENON
36
[TRUE OR FALSE]
ALL AG AND AB HAVE THE SAME OPTIMUM PROPORTION
FALSE
THEY VARY
37
PHENOMENON WHERE AB-AG PRECIPITATE DOES NOT EXHIBIT REVERSE SOLUBILITY
DANSYZ PHENOMENON
38
PRECIPITATION TECHNIQUES IN A LIQUID MEDIUM
INTERFACIAL TEST
RING TEST
39
PRECIPITATION TECHNIQUES IN A GEL MEDIUM
OUDIN
RID
OAKLEY & FULTHORPE
OUCHTERLONY
40
APPLICATIONS OF THE FLUID PRECIPITATION
ASCOLI TEST
LANCERFIELD SEROLOGICAL TYPING
FORENSIC
CRP
41
BEST TEST FOR CRP
REVERSE PASSIVE AGGLUTINATION TEST
42
PRINCIPLE OF PRECIPITATION IN A GEL MEDIUM
SOLUBLE MOLECULES (AG AND AB) REACTIS IN AGAR GEL OR OTHER SEMISOLID MEDIA UNTIL THEY REACH THEIR EQUIVALENCE TO FORM A STABLE PRECIPITATE
43
FORM OF PRECIPITATE IN A GEL MEDIUM
BAND
LINE
44
EXAMPLES OF GEL MEDIA
AGAR
AGAROSE GEL
POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL
45
EXAMPLES OF NON-GEL MEDIA
CELLULOSE ACETATE
46
REFERS TO THE REACTANT MOVING
DIFFUSION
47
REFERS TO TEH DIRECTION OF THE REACTANT’S MOVEMENT
DIMENSION
48
DESCRIBE THE SINGLE DIFFUSION REACTION
ONE REACTANT IS MOVING TOWARDS THE OTHER REACTANT
49
DESCRIBE THE DOUBLE DIFFUSION REACTION
BOTH REACTANTS ARE DIFFUSING TOWARDS EACH OTHER
50
DESCRIBE THE SINGLE DIMENSION REACTION
ONLY ONE EFFECTIVE DIRECTION
51
DESCRIBE THE DOUBLE DIMENSION REACTION
DIFFUSION IN MULTIPLE OR ALL DIRECTIONS
52
USUAL DIRECTION OF A SINGLE DIMENSION REACTION
UP OR DOWN
VERTICAL
53
USUAL DIRECTION OF A DOUBLE DIMENSION REACTION
RADIAL
54
EXAMPLES OF GEL SUBSTANCES
AGAR
AGAROSE
POLYACRYLAMIDE
CELLULOSE ACETATE
GELATIN
STARCH
55
MOST WIDELY USED GEL SUBSTANCE
AGAROSE
56
1 REACTANT
1 DIMENSION
DIFFUSION
OUDIN
57
1 REACTANT
1 DIMENSION
ELECTROPHORESIS
ROCKET IE
LAURELL
SINGLE EID
58
1 REACTANT
2 DIMENSIONS
DIFFUSION
RID
FEINBERG
MANCINI
59
1 REACTANT
2 DIMENSIONS
ELECTROPHORESIS
RESSLER
LAURELL
CROSSED IE
DOUBLE CROSSED IE
TWO DIMENTIONAL IE
60
2 REACTANTS
1 DIMENSION
DIFFUSION
OAKLEY AND FULTHROPE
61
2 REACTANTS
1 DIMENSION
ELECTROPHORESIS
COUNTER IE
DOUBLE EID
CROSSED AG-AB E
COUNTER CURRENT IE
IMMUNOOSMOPHORESIS
ELECTROSYNERESIS
OSMOPHORESIS
COUNTERMIGRATION IE
62
2 REACTANTS
2 DIMENSIONS
DIFFUSION
OUCHTERLONY AND ELEK
63
2 REACTANTS
2 DIMENSIONS
ELECTRPHORESIS
IE
GRABBAR AND WILLIAMS
64
[METHOD]
GEL CONTAINS IMMOBILIZED AB
OUDIN
65
[METHOD]
TWO OR MORE UNRELATED AG AGAINST THEIR HOMOLOGOUS AB MAY BE TESTED
OUDIN
66
[METHOD]
DETERMINE MINIMUM ANTIGENIC SUBSTANCES USING BLOOD, PLASMA, OR CELL EXTRACT
OUDIN
67
FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF MIGRATION IN OUDIN’S METHOD
CONCENTRATION OF AG-AB
TEMPERATURE
PORE SIZE OF THE GEL
68
[TYPE OF PRECIPITIN BAND]
FUZZY EDGES
TYPE R
69
[TYPE OF PRECIPITIN BAND]
SMALL AMOUNTS OF PRECIPITATE ON EITHER SIDES OF EQUIVALENCE
TYPE R
70
[TYPE OF PRECIPITIN BAND]
CLEAN MARGINS
TYPE H
71
[TYPE OF PRECIPITIN BAND]
FLOCCULATION IS COMPLETER WITHIN THE EQUIVALENCE ZONE
TYPE H
72
[TYPE OF PRECIPITIN BAND]
FLOCCULATION IS COMPLETELY INHIBITED OUTSIDE THE EQUIVALENCE ZONE
TYPE H
73
[METHOD]
CRP DETECTION
OUDIN
74
[METHOD]
USED AS A ROOUGH ESTIMATION OF AG CONCENTRATION
OUDIN
75
OTHER TERMS FOR THE RADIAL IMMUNODIFFUSION METHOD
END POINT METHOD
MANCINI TEST
76
[METHOD]
QUANTITATES A VARIETY OF PROTEINS IN SERUM
RID
77
[METHOD]
QUANTITATES IGG, IGA
RID
78
[METHOD]
AG DIFFUSES TO COMPLETION
RID
79
[METHOD]
PRECIPITIN RING OR DISC AROUND THE WELL
RID
80
SOURCES OF ERROR OF THE RID METHOD
OVERFILLING OR UNDERFILLING
SPILLING SAMPLE
NICKING THE WELL
IMPROPER INCUBATION TIME OR TEMPERATURE
81
[METHOD FOR READING RID TESTS]
MEASURE THE DISC WHILE IT IS EXPANDING
FAHEY
82
[METHOD FOR READING RID TESTS]
RESULT IS OBTAINED INA SHORTER PERIOD OF TIME
FAHEY
83
[METHOD FOR READING RID TESTS]
KINETIC METHOD
FAHEY
84
[METHOD FOR READING RID TESTS]
MEASURES WHEN THE REACTION HAS STOPPED EXPANDING
MANCINI
85
[METHOD FOR READING RID TESTS]
ALLOWS MAXIMAL PRECIPITATION
MANCINI
86
[METHOD FOR READING RID TESTS]
PRODUCES MORE RELIABLE RESULTS
MANCINI
87
[METHOD FOR READING RID TESTS]
END POINT METHOD
MANCINI
88
[METHOD]
INTERPOLATION FROM A STANDARD CURVE USING A KNOWN STANDARD
RID
89
[METHOD]
BOTH AG AND AB DIFFUSE TOWARD EACH OTHER
OAKLEY AND FULTHORPE
90
[METHOD]
AG AND AB BOTH DIFFUSE AND BIND EACH OTHER TO FORM A LINE AT THE POE
OUCHTERLONY
91
IN THE OUCHTERLONY METHOD, WHAT DOES THE NUMBER OF PRECIPITIN LINES INDICATE
THE MINUMUM NUMBER OF DISTINCT AG SUBSTANCES PRESENT
92
IN THE OUCHTERLONY METHOD, IF BOTH AG AND AB ARE OF THE SAME MW, WHAT IS THE RESULT
STRAIGHT LINE
93
[SEROLOGIC RELATIONSHIPS]
FUSION OF BANDS PRECIPITATE
TYPE I
IDENTITY
94
[SEROLOGIC RELATIONSHIPS]
PRECIPITATE LINES INTERSECT OR CROSS
TYPE II
NON IDENTITY
95
[SEROLOGIC RELATIONSHIPS]
WHY DONT LINES CROSS
SAMPLES CONTAIN NO ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS IN COMMON
96
[SEROLOGIC RELATIONSHIPS]
TWO ANTIGENS POSSESS COMMON DETERMINANTS BUT ALSO DISPLAY ANTIGENIC DIFFERENCES
TYPE III
PARTIAL IDENTITY
97
[SEROLOGIC RELATIONSHIPS]
SPUR FORMATION
TYPE III
98
[SEROLOGIC RELATIONSHIPS]
CONFUSED WITH NON IDENTITY
TYPE IV
DOUBLE PARTIAL IDENTITY
99
WHAT AB DOES THE SPUR FORMED POINT TOWARDS TO
MOST SIMPLE AB
100
PROTEIN-SENSITIVE STAIN
CARBOL FUCHSIN
101
ANTIGEN DIFFUSES THROUGH A SEMI SOLID MEDIUM AND EMPLOYS THE USE OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
ELECTROIMMUNODIFFUSION
102
[CHARGE AND DIRECTION OF MIGRATION]
AB
(+)
TOWARDS THE CATHODE
103
[CHARGE AND DIRECTION OF MIGRATION]
AG
(—)
TOWARDS THE ANODE
104
IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS METHODS
ROCKET LAURELL
RESSLER
COUNTER IE
GRABBAR WILLIAMS
105
[METHOD]
PRECIPITIN LINE IS IN THE SHAPE OF A CONE
ROCKET
LAURELL
106
[METHOD]
AGAROSE GEL IS PH 8.6
ROCKET
LAURELL
107
PH OF AGAROSE GEL IN THE ROCKET LAURELL TECHNIQUE
PH 8.6
108
DIRECTION OF DIFFUSION IN THE ROCKET TECHNIQUE
UP
109
CHARGE OF AB IN THE ROCKET TECHNIQUE
NO CHARGE
AB IS IMMOBILIZED AT PH 8.6
110
[ROCKET OR OUDIN]
PLATES, QUANTITATIVE, ELECTROPHORESIS
ROCKET
111
[ROCKET OR OUDIN]
TUBES, QUALITATIVE, DIFFUSION
OUDIN
112
[METHOD]
ANALOGOUS TO RID
ROCKET LAURELL
113
ELECTROPHORETIC PHASES OF THE RESSLER METHOD
1 — SEPARATE COMPONENTS BY CHARGE
2 — AG-AB CONTACT,DEVELOPMENT OF A SERIES OF MOUNTAIN PEAKS
114
[METHOD]
REACTANTS MOVE LINEARLY TOWARDS EACH OTHER
CIE
115
PH OF AGAROSE GEL IN CIE
PH 8.2 TO 8.3
116
ENHANCEMENT OF AB MOVEMENT TO THE CATHODE
ELECTROENDOSMOSIS
117
[METHOD]
10X MORE SENSITIVE THAN OUCHTERLONY
CIE
118
AT WHAT PH IS IG IMMOBILE
PH 8.6
119
[METHOD]
FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF UNUSUAL PROTEINS IN THE SERUM
CIE
120
[METHOD]
USED FOR THE SCREENING OF NEWBORNS
CIE
121
[METHOD]
DETECTS CIRCULATING FIBRINOGEN OR FIBRIN SPLIT CLOTS
CIE
122
[METHOD]
AGAR IS CUT IN A TRIANGULAR PATTERN
CIE
123
[METHOD]
1ST IMMUNOPHORETIC TECHNIQUE
GRABBAR WILLIAMS TEST
124
[METHOD]
IDENTIFICATION OF ABNORMAL PROTEINS
GRABBAR WILLIAMS
125
[METHOD]
USED TO MONITOR THE PURITY OF DRUGS
GRABBAR WILLIAMS
126
[METHOD]
USES A QUALITATIVE OR SEMI-QUANTITATIVE METHOD OF FRACTIONATING COMPLEX AGS IN A MXTURE
GRABBAR WILLIAMS
127
[METHOD]
VARIATION OF IEP
IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS
128
2 STAGES OF IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS
ELECTOPHORESIS
IMMUNOPRECIPITATION
