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IMMUNOSEROLOGY > [LEC] MHC > Flashcards

[LEC] MHC Flashcards

1
Q

MOLECULES WITH THE GENETIC CAPABILITY TO MOUND AN IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

HLA

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2
Q

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MHC

A

DETERMINE WHETHER TRANSPLANTED TISSUE IS HISTOCOMPATIBLE

BASIS OF ACCEPTANCE OR REJECTION OF TRANSPLANTS

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3
Q

DO MHC CELLS PLAY A ROLE IN HUMORAL OR CELLULAR IMMUNITY

A

BOTH

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4
Q

CAN MHC MOLECULES FUNCTION AS ANTIGENS

A

YES

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5
Q

FUNCTION OF MHC MOLECULES

A

TO BRING THE AG IN TO BODY TO THE CELL SURFACE FOR RECOGNITION BY T CELLS

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6
Q

WHEN WILL T CELL ACTIVATION OCCUR

A

WHN AG IS COMBINED WITH MHC MOLECULES ON THE SURFACE OF OTHER CELLS

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7
Q

GENES THAT ENCODE CELL-SURFACE MOLECULES

A

MHC

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8
Q

MOST POLYMORPHIC SYSTEM FOUN IN HUMANS

A

MHC

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9
Q

WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF THE MHC’S POLYMORPHISM

A

ALLOWS FOR AN IMMUNE RESPONSE TO DIVERSE IMMUNOGENS

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10
Q

WHERE ARE GENES CODING FOR MHC MOLECULES LOCATED

A

SHORT ARM
CHROMOSOME 6

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11
Q

GENETIC LOCI OF THE CLASS I GENES

A

A
B
C

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12
Q

GENETIC LOCI OF THE CLASS II GENES

A

D REGION
DR
DQ
DP

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13
Q

HOW MANY GENES CODE FOR CLASS I MOLECULES

A

ONE

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14
Q

HOW MANY GENES CODE FOR CLASS II MOLECULES

A

1 FOR ALPHA CHAIN
1 OR MORE FOR BETA CHAIN

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15
Q

GENETIC LOCATION OF THE CLASS III GENES

A

BETWEEN CLASS I AND II ON CHROMOSOME 6

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16
Q

WHAT PROTEINS DO CLASS III GENES CODE FOR

A

C4A
C4B
C2
B COMPLEMENT

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17
Q

MHC CLASSES INVOLVES IN AG RECOGNITION

A

MHC I
MHC II

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18
Q

ALTERNATE FORMS OF A GENE

A

ALLELES

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19
Q

WHAT IS THE PROBABILITY OF ANY TWI INDIVIDUALS EXPRESSING THE SAME MHC MOLECULES

A

VERY LOW

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20
Q

[MHC CLASS I/II/III]
EXPRESSED ON ALL NUCLEATED CELLS

A

CLASS I

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21
Q

[MHC CLASS I/II/III]
EXPRESSED ON APCs

A

CLASS II

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22
Q

HIGHEST EXPRESSION OF CLASS I MHC ARE ON WHAT KIND OF CELLS

A

LYMPHOCYTES
MYELOID CELLS

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23
Q

LOWEST EXPRESSION OF CLASS I MHC ARE ON WHAT KIND OF CELLS

A

LIVER HEPATOCYTES
NEURAL CELLS
MUSCLE CELLS
SPERM

24
Q

RATIONALE OF HLA MATCHING NOT BEING DONE IN CASES OF LIVER TRANSPLANTS

A

MHC CLASS I IS UNDER-EXPRESSED IN HEPATOCYTES

25
Q

HLA AG THAT IS EXPRESSED IN LOW LEVELS

A

HLA-C

26
Q

HLA AG MOST IMPORTANT FOR TRANSPLANTATION

A

HLA-A
HLA-B

27
Q

POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS OF CLASS I MHC

A

ALPHA CHAIN
B2 MICROGLOBULIN

28
Q

TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAINS OF THE ALPHA CHAIN

A

A1
A2
A3

29
Q

LOCATION OF THE TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAINS

A

INSERTED INTO THE CELL MEMBRANE

30
Q

CLASS I MHC CHAIN THAT DOES NOT PENETRATE INTO THE CELL MEMBRANE

A

B2 MICROGLOBULIN

31
Q

CLASS I MHC CHAIN THAT PENETRATES INTO THE CELL MEMBRANE

A

ALPHA CHAINS

32
Q

CONSTITUENTS OF THE CLASS I BINDING SITE

A

A1 AND A2 DOMAINS
They serve as the walls of the grove at the top of the molecule.

33
Q

FUNCTION OF THE A1 AND A2 DOMAINS IN THE CLASS I MOLECULE

A

PEPTIDE-BINDING SITE
IN AG RECOGNITION

34
Q

WHAT IS MORE SPECIFIC
A. Binding of peptides to T-cell receptors
B. Binding of peptides to Class I and II molecules

A

A. BINDING OF PEPTIDES TO T-CELL RECEPTORS

35
Q

HIGHEST EXPRESSION OF CLASS II MHC ARE ON WHAT KIND OF CELLS

A

B LYMPHOCYTES
MONOCYTES
MACROPHAGES
DENDRITIC CELLS
THYMIC EPITHELIUM

36
Q

MOST EFFECTIVE APCs

A

DENDRITIC CELLS

37
Q

WHY ARE DENDRITIC CELLS THE MOST EFFECTIVE APCs

A

THEY HAVE THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF CLASS II MOLECULES ON THEIR SURFACES

38
Q

MOST EXPRESSED CLASS II GENE
AND WHY

A

DR
IT ACCOUNTS FOR ABOUT 12 OF ALL THE CLASS II MOLECULES

39
Q

AMOUNT OF MOST HIGHLY POLYMORPHIC CLASS II GENE

A

DR-BETA GENE

40
Q

LEAST EXPRESSED CLASS II GENES

A

DP

41
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF OPENED ENDS OF CLASS II PEPTIDE BINDING SITES

A

ALLOWS CLASS II MOLECULES TO CAPTURE LONGER PEPTIDES

(MORE THAN CLASS I MOLECULES)

42
Q

NONCLASSICAL CLASS I GENES

A

HLA-E/F/G

43
Q

NONCLASSICAL CLASS II GENES

A

DM/DN/DO

44
Q

FUNCTION OF THE DM GENE

A

HELPS LOAD PEPTIDES ONTO CLASS II MOLECULES

45
Q

FUNCTION OF DO GENES

A

MODULATES AG BINDING

46
Q

FUNCTION OF DN GENES

A

UNKNOWN

47
Q

MECHANISM OF AG PRESENTATION BY MHC MOLECULES

A

DEGRADED PEPTIDES WITHIN THE CELL ARE TRANSPORTED TO THE PLASMA MEMBRANE

T CELLS RECOGNIZE THE PEPTIDES AT THE PLASMA MEMBRANE WHEN COMBINED WITH MHC MOLECULES

48
Q

WHY CAN THE BODY RESPOND TO MANNY DIFFERENT AG

A

EACH MHC MOLECULE CAN PRESENT A LARGE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT ANTIGENIC PEPTIDES TO T CELLS

49
Q

TWO TYPES OF INFECTIOUS AGENTS

A

THOSE THAT ATTACK CELLS FROM THE INSIDE/OUTSIDE

50
Q

WHAT T CELL DOES CLASS I MOLECULES PRESENT PEPTIDES TO

A

CD8 (CYTOTOXIC) T CELLS

51
Q

WHAT T CELL DOES CLASS II MOLECULES PRESENT PEPTIDES TO

A

CD4 (HELPER) T CELLS

52
Q

MHC MOLECULES THAT DEAL WITH ANTIGENS SYNTHESIZED WITHIN THE CELL

A

CLASS I

53
Q

MHC MOLECULES THAT DEAL WITH ANTIGENS PRESENT OUTSIDE CELLS

A

CLASS II

54
Q

REQUIREMENTS FOR A T-CELL RESPONSE TO BE TRIGGERED

A

ADEQUATE AMOUNT OF MHC MOLECULES
EFFECTIVE BINDING TO THE T CELL RECEPTOR
RECOGNITION BY THE T CELL RECEPTOR

55
Q

EXAMPLES OF PATHOGENS THAT CAN BLOCK THE IMMUNE RESPONSE BY BLOCKING AG PRESENTATION

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
ADENOVIRUS

56
Q

CLASS III PROTEINS

A

COMPLEMENT
TNF-ALPHA AND BETA
OTHER PROTEINS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH MEMBRANE SURFACES

57
Q

FUNCTION OF CLASS III MOECULES

A

COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION
OPSONIZATION
CHEMOTACTIC FACTOR GENERATION

IMMUNOSEROLOGY (11 decks)

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