[LEC] MHC

Question 1

MOLECULES WITH THE GENETIC CAPABILITY TO MOUND AN IMMUNE RESPONSE

Answer 1

HLA

Question 2

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MHC

Answer 2

DETERMINE WHETHER TRANSPLANTED TISSUE IS HISTOCOMPATIBLE

BASIS OF ACCEPTANCE OR REJECTION OF TRANSPLANTS

Question 3

DO MHC CELLS PLAY A ROLE IN HUMORAL OR CELLULAR IMMUNITY

Answer 3

BOTH

Question 4

CAN MHC MOLECULES FUNCTION AS ANTIGENS

Answer 4

YES

Question 5

FUNCTION OF MHC MOLECULES

Answer 5

TO BRING THE AG IN TO BODY TO THE CELL SURFACE FOR RECOGNITION BY T CELLS

Question 6

WHEN WILL T CELL ACTIVATION OCCUR

Answer 6

WHN AG IS COMBINED WITH MHC MOLECULES ON THE SURFACE OF OTHER CELLS

Question 7

GENES THAT ENCODE CELL-SURFACE MOLECULES

Answer 7

MHC

Question 8

MOST POLYMORPHIC SYSTEM FOUN IN HUMANS

Answer 8

MHC

Question 9

WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF THE MHC’S POLYMORPHISM

Answer 9

ALLOWS FOR AN IMMUNE RESPONSE TO DIVERSE IMMUNOGENS

Question 10

WHERE ARE GENES CODING FOR MHC MOLECULES LOCATED

Answer 10

SHORT ARM
CHROMOSOME 6

Question 11

GENETIC LOCI OF THE CLASS I GENES

Answer 11

A
B
C

Question 12

GENETIC LOCI OF THE CLASS II GENES

Answer 12

D REGION
DR
DQ
DP

Question 13

HOW MANY GENES CODE FOR CLASS I MOLECULES

Answer 13

ONE

Question 14

HOW MANY GENES CODE FOR CLASS II MOLECULES

Answer 14

1 FOR ALPHA CHAIN
1 OR MORE FOR BETA CHAIN

Question 15

GENETIC LOCATION OF THE CLASS III GENES

Answer 15

BETWEEN CLASS I AND II ON CHROMOSOME 6

Question 16

WHAT PROTEINS DO CLASS III GENES CODE FOR

Answer 16

C4A
C4B
C2
B COMPLEMENT

Question 17

MHC CLASSES INVOLVES IN AG RECOGNITION

Answer 17

MHC I
MHC II

Question 18

ALTERNATE FORMS OF A GENE

Answer 18

ALLELES

Question 19

WHAT IS THE PROBABILITY OF ANY TWI INDIVIDUALS EXPRESSING THE SAME MHC MOLECULES

Answer 19

VERY LOW

Question 20

[MHC CLASS I/II/III]
EXPRESSED ON ALL NUCLEATED CELLS

Answer 20

CLASS I

Question 21

[MHC CLASS I/II/III]
EXPRESSED ON APCs

Answer 21

CLASS II

Question 22

HIGHEST EXPRESSION OF CLASS I MHC ARE ON WHAT KIND OF CELLS

Answer 22

LYMPHOCYTES
MYELOID CELLS

Question 23

LOWEST EXPRESSION OF CLASS I MHC ARE ON WHAT KIND OF CELLS

Answer 23

LIVER HEPATOCYTES
NEURAL CELLS
MUSCLE CELLS
SPERM

Question 24

RATIONALE OF HLA MATCHING NOT BEING DONE IN CASES OF LIVER TRANSPLANTS

Answer 24

MHC CLASS I IS UNDER-EXPRESSED IN HEPATOCYTES

Question 25

HLA AG THAT IS EXPRESSED IN LOW LEVELS

Answer 25

HLA-C

Question 26

HLA AG MOST IMPORTANT FOR TRANSPLANTATION

Answer 26

HLA-A HLA-B

Question 27

POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS OF CLASS I MHC

Answer 27

ALPHA CHAIN B2 MICROGLOBULIN

Question 28

TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAINS OF THE ALPHA CHAIN

Answer 28

A1 A2 A3

Question 29

LOCATION OF THE TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAINS

Answer 29

INSERTED INTO THE CELL MEMBRANE

Question 30

CLASS I MHC CHAIN THAT DOES NOT PENETRATE INTO THE CELL MEMBRANE

Answer 30

B2 MICROGLOBULIN

Question 31

CLASS I MHC CHAIN THAT PENETRATES INTO THE CELL MEMBRANE

Answer 31

ALPHA CHAINS

Question 32

CONSTITUENTS OF THE CLASS I BINDING SITE

Answer 32

A1 AND A2 DOMAINS They serve as the walls of the grove at the top of the molecule.

Question 33

FUNCTION OF THE A1 AND A2 DOMAINS IN THE CLASS I MOLECULE

Answer 33

PEPTIDE-BINDING SITE IN AG RECOGNITION

Question 34

WHAT IS MORE SPECIFIC A. Binding of peptides to T-cell receptors B. Binding of peptides to Class I and II molecules

Answer 34

A. BINDING OF PEPTIDES TO T-CELL RECEPTORS

Question 35

HIGHEST EXPRESSION OF CLASS II MHC ARE ON WHAT KIND OF CELLS

Answer 35

B LYMPHOCYTES MONOCYTES MACROPHAGES DENDRITIC CELLS THYMIC EPITHELIUM

Question 36

MOST EFFECTIVE APCs

Answer 36

DENDRITIC CELLS

Question 37

WHY ARE DENDRITIC CELLS THE MOST EFFECTIVE APCs

Answer 37

THEY HAVE THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF CLASS II MOLECULES ON THEIR SURFACES

Question 38

MOST EXPRESSED CLASS II GENE AND WHY

Answer 38

DR IT ACCOUNTS FOR ABOUT 12 OF ALL THE CLASS II MOLECULES

Question 39

AMOUNT OF MOST HIGHLY POLYMORPHIC CLASS II GENE

Answer 39

DR-BETA GENE

Question 40

LEAST EXPRESSED CLASS II GENES

Answer 40

DP

Question 41

WHAT IS THE FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF OPENED ENDS OF CLASS II PEPTIDE BINDING SITES

Answer 41

ALLOWS CLASS II MOLECULES TO CAPTURE LONGER PEPTIDES (MORE THAN CLASS I MOLECULES)

Question 42

NONCLASSICAL CLASS I GENES

Answer 42

HLA-E/F/G

Question 43

NONCLASSICAL CLASS II GENES

Answer 43

DM/DN/DO

Question 44

FUNCTION OF THE DM GENE

Answer 44

HELPS LOAD PEPTIDES ONTO CLASS II MOLECULES

Question 45

FUNCTION OF DO GENES

Answer 45

MODULATES AG BINDING

Question 46

FUNCTION OF DN GENES

Answer 46

UNKNOWN

Question 47

MECHANISM OF AG PRESENTATION BY MHC MOLECULES

Answer 47

DEGRADED PEPTIDES WITHIN THE CELL ARE TRANSPORTED TO THE PLASMA MEMBRANE T CELLS RECOGNIZE THE PEPTIDES AT THE PLASMA MEMBRANE WHEN COMBINED WITH MHC MOLECULES

Question 48

WHY CAN THE BODY RESPOND TO MANNY DIFFERENT AG

Answer 48

EACH MHC MOLECULE CAN PRESENT A LARGE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT ANTIGENIC PEPTIDES TO T CELLS

Question 49

TWO TYPES OF INFECTIOUS AGENTS

Answer 49

THOSE THAT ATTACK CELLS FROM THE INSIDE/OUTSIDE

Question 50

WHAT T CELL DOES CLASS I MOLECULES PRESENT PEPTIDES TO

Answer 50

CD8 (CYTOTOXIC) T CELLS

Question 51

WHAT T CELL DOES CLASS II MOLECULES PRESENT PEPTIDES TO

Answer 51

CD4 (HELPER) T CELLS

Question 52

MHC MOLECULES THAT DEAL WITH ANTIGENS SYNTHESIZED WITHIN THE CELL

Answer 52

CLASS I

Question 53

MHC MOLECULES THAT DEAL WITH ANTIGENS PRESENT OUTSIDE CELLS

Answer 53

CLASS II

Question 54

REQUIREMENTS FOR A T-CELL RESPONSE TO BE TRIGGERED

Answer 54

ADEQUATE AMOUNT OF MHC MOLECULES EFFECTIVE BINDING TO THE T CELL RECEPTOR RECOGNITION BY THE T CELL RECEPTOR

Question 55

EXAMPLES OF PATHOGENS THAT CAN BLOCK THE IMMUNE RESPONSE BY BLOCKING AG PRESENTATION

Answer 55

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS ADENOVIRUS

Question 56

CLASS III PROTEINS

Answer 56

COMPLEMENT TNF-ALPHA AND BETA OTHER PROTEINS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH MEMBRANE SURFACES

Question 57

FUNCTION OF CLASS III MOECULES

Answer 57

COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION OPSONIZATION CHEMOTACTIC FACTOR GENERATION