Lang Use Final Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is a phrase?
- grammatical unit at a level between a word and a clause
* they do NOT contain both a subject and what is said about the subject*
What is syntax?
-the ways in which words are put together to form phrases, clauses or sentences
How many types of phrases are there and what are they?
(1) Noun Phrase: article noun (a class), article ADJ noun (an ASL class)
(2) Verb Phrase: two or more verbs working together (she was walking quickly to the mall)
(3) Infinite Phrase: phrases that incorporate “to”(Chris likes to golf)
(4) Adj & adverb Phrase: phrases that add an intensifier to the adj or adverb (very interesting, somewhat slowly)
(5) Prepositional Phrase: word that comes before a noun to show the nouns relationship to another word (coldest place in the world)
What is a claus?
-statement or a question that generally consists of a subject and a verb phrase that constitutes a complete sentence
*can consist of a single clause
*often consist of independent clause or subordinate/independent clause)
Ex: compound sentences (I am going to the store OR watch a movie)
Ex: complex sentences (The town WHERE I grew up is in BC)
What types of Dependent Clauses are there? Describe them
(1) Noun Clauses: in eng introduced by relative pronouns (I don’t know WHOSE NOTEBOOK THIS IS)
(2) Adjective Clauses: modify nouns and introduced by relative pronouns (The restaurant WHERE KATE WORKS has very good food)
(3) Adverbial Clauses: modify verbs by telling (IF YOU KNOW TWO LANGUAGES, you are bilingual)
What is a noun?
-person, place, thing or abstract concept CAN.... -be plural -same noun can be singular or plural -be possesive -incorporate an agent -function as an adj *nouns in ASL are often topicalized
What is a proper noun?
- in English, proper nouns are typically capitalized
ex: I just met Shawn yesterday - in ASL proper noins are generally fingerspelled, or have their own name signs
ex: FAMOUS Deaf EDUCATOR NAME LEO JACOBS FS)
How do you use proper nouns using direct address?
- English: generally address someone by using their name
ex: Billie, can you see me? - ASL: we do not use their name
ex: HEY, CAN YOU SEE ME?
How and what is plurality in English and ASL?
- Eng: plural nouns in eng are indicated by adding s,in English we often prefer the plural form
ex: how many classes are you taking? - ASL: prefers and assumes the singular unless other wise indicated
ex: HOW-MANY, CLASS, YOU TAKE-UP?
Plurality using numbers
- Eng: ex, Dale has TWO asl poetry bookS
- ASL: DALE (FS) HAVE TWO* ASL POEM BOOK*
What are some examples of quantifiers in ASL?
- ALL
- MUCH
- NONE
- SEVERAL
Describe plural pronouns
- Eng: “these” and “those” when used in eng are often not referenced in any way.
ex: THESE hearing dogs come from Canine Companioins - ASL: “these” and “those” when used in ASL are referenced with the index finger
ex: THESE* HEARING DOGS FROM CCI
Describe plurality indicated by repetition
- Eng, ex: They need blue BOWLS
- ASL, ex: BLUE BOWLS++ THEY NEED*
- repetitive movements in these examples are made to the dominate side*
Describe CL that indicate quantity in Eng and ASL
- Eng, ex: Over there there are LOTS of appleS
- ASL, ex: THERE HAVE APPLE* (CL-BENT 5 PILE)
- ASL does not use “s” to indicate plurality until the word is fingerspelled like MACY’s)
Describe Fingerspelled plurals in Eng/ASL
- Eng, ex: Kelsey must wait two hourS for auto partS
- ASL, ex: KELSEY (FS) MUST WAIT TWO-HOURS FOR CAR PARTS*(FS)
What is the difference between count nouns and non count nouns?
- count nouns can be counted or numbered
- non count nouns can not be counted or numbered
What are possessive nouns in ASL/Eng
- Eng: to show possession we write the noun then add the s
ex: My Deaf sister’s name is Brenda - ASL: we do not add s, there is a sign to indicate possesive but it’s rearely used
ex: MY Deaf SISTER HER* NA,E BRENDA (fs)
ex: DENNY’S
Desribe agent suffix in people for Eng/ASL
-Eng: often adds suffixes (er/or/ian)
ex: TeachER, govenOR, defendANT)
ASL: addes the suffix sign (agent marker)
ex: TEACHER
Describe agent suffix in things with Eng/ASL
- Eng: There is ice cream in the FREEZER
- ASL: FREEZ++HAVE HAVE ICE CREAM
Describe nouns as adjectives in Eng/ASL
In both ASL and English nouns can be used as ADJ. This means that they can modify or describe another noun. In this case the noun/adj comes before the noun
FLOWER GARDEN
OCEAN* VIEW
What are pronouns?
-Prounouns replace nouns, and can be a single word or phrase
-Eng: a pronoun must agree with the noun it is replacing in number or gender
ex: My sister and brother are twins. They* are 10. She* is already tall, but he* is still short.
-ASL: pronouns are indicated by pointing (if not there, guess)
Pat was a great guy. I miss him
ASL: PAT (FS) HE (IX:R)* GREAT GUY. I MISS HIM (IX:R)*
Describe personal pronouns
-Eng: I, we, me, us- you, he , she , they
ASL: personal pronouns are signed with CL:1
Describe Possessive Pronouns
- Eng: my, our, his, your, theirs
ex: This is my hat (adj)
ex: That hat is mine (noun) - ASL: possessive pronouns are signed with the CL:B
- possessive pronouns that function as adj are produced once. Those that function as nouns are produced twice
ex: THAT MY* (1X) HAT.
ex: THAT HAT MINE* (2X)
What are reflexive/relative pronouns?
-they refer to “selfL and are formed with the open A handshape. Self shoulf be mouthed for the following..
-myself, yourself, himself, themselves ETC
Eng, ex: Marlee Matlin is the Deaf actor who won an Oscar
ASL, ex: MARLEE MATLIN (FS) Deaf ACTOR SHE/HERSELF WON OSCAR (FS)
