learn! Flashcards
(20 cards)
when to offer long term oxygen therapy
pO2 <7.3 or if
- 2nd polycythaemia
- peripheral oedema
- pulmonary hypertension
what is tiotropium
LAMA !!
SAMA = ipratropium
COPD - still breathless despite using SABA/SAMA and a LABA + ICS … next steps?
add a LAMA (tiotropium)
pain description of chronic pancreatitis
epigastric pain
- radiates to back
- worse after eating
- sx relieved by leaning forward
functional tests for chronic pancreatitis
faecal elastase
how should a 3rd degree perianal tear be fixed
in theatre by a suitably trained clinician
features of aortic regurgitation
early diastolic murmur
–> intensity increased by handgrip
collapsing + wide pulse pressure
Quincke’s sign = nailed pulsation
De Mussets = head bobbing
tamoxifen MoA
selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
- acts as oestrogen receptor antagonist + partial agonist
tamoxifen side effects
menstrual disturbance - bleeding, amenorrhoea
hot flushes
VTE
Endometrial cancer
side effects of anastrozole
osteoporosis - get DEXA when starting
hot flushes
arthralgia, myalgia
insomnia
non obvious risk factors for breast cancer
nulliparity
1st preg >30yrs
not breastfedding
early menarche, late menopause
COCP !!
diagnostic investigation acute mesenteric ischaemia
high resolution CT angiography
- (without oral contrast)
choice between end-vascular vs surgical revascularisation
endo
- short segments <10cm
- aortic iliac disease
- high risk patients
surgical
- long >10cm
- multifocal
- common femoral and purely infrapopliteal
varicose veins, reason for referral
- pain, discomfort, swelling
- previous bleeding from varicose veins
- skin changes 2nd to chronic venous insufficiency
- active or healed venous ulver
mx of fibroids <3cm
medical !!
COCP, IUS, mefanamic
what medication should be added antenatally to those at risk of pre-eclampsia
aspirin 75-150mg
daily from 12wks to birth !!
schizophrenia 1st rank symptoms
- auditory hallucinations
- thought disorder
- passivity phenomena (feelings/actions controlled by another force)
- delusional perceptions
(**NOT visual hallucinations)
mx of hip pain + fever in kid with suspected transient synovitis
same day paeds assessment
any kids with limp/pain in hip AND fever
management of asthma in kids age 5-11
twice-daily paediatric low-dose inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) + short-acting beta2 agonist (SABA) as needed
when is power calculate / what does it show
how many participants required for a study to show meaningful difference between 2 groups
