Learning Theories Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is skinners theory of learning called?
Operant conditioning
What is the defection of operant conditioning?
The performer develops a relationship between a stimulus and response ( the stimulus - response bond)
What is definition of stimulus?
Any information that enters the body via the sensory system (a signal).
What is a definition of a response?
An action
What is definition of practice?
Makes the sr bond stronger= learning - practice makes permanent
What did skinner conclude?
Conditioning is more effective through manipulation of behaviour towards a stimulus.
What did skinner conclude?
What do pleasant consequences do?
Strengthan behaviour, through positive+ negative reinforcement.
What do unpleasant consequences do?
Weaken behaviour through punishment.
What is description of positive reinforcement?
A pleasant stimulus after the correct response- more likely strengthens behaviour/strengthen Sr bond
What is a description of negative reinforcement?
Taking away an unpleasant stimulus after the correct response, strengthens SR bond.
What is a description of punishment?
Gives an unpleasant stimulus to prevent incorrect actions from happening, weakens SR bond
What does Bandura’s social learning theory state?
We learn by observing others
What does DARMMM stand for?
Demonstration
Attention
Retention
Motor reproduction
Motivation
Matching
Why does a performer have to pay attention in order to copy?
To be able to have selective attention to pick out the relevant cues
How can retention be improved?
By repeated demonstrations and mental rehearsal
What does motor replication mean?
Attempt by the performer at copying the performance, the demonstration should be matched
How to motivation help a performer?
If they are interested the learner will copy performance. External reinforcement will increase the motivation
What does this mean: individuals are motivated to achieve and solve problems.
Desires
When faced with learning a new skill, individuals have a drive to achieve effective and competent performance.
Satisfy need and solve problems
What happens once a skill has been mastered?
Strengthen of the SR bond.
What must be set once a skill has been mastered?
New goals
What does learning a new skill lead to?
Goal directed behaviour
