Practice Methods + Types Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is whole practice?
Learner performs the skill as a complete unit or whole action without breaking it down into parts or subroutines.
What is part practice?
A skill is broken down into its components or sub routines, that are practised/ learnt separately - low organisation and complex skills
What is whole-part-whole practice? `
Where first the whole skill is attempted, then there are errors, those parts of the skill are isolated to practice before attempting the whole skill again
What is progressive part practice?
Where the parts are progressively built upon until the whole skill is performed - shown as A AB ABC ABCD ABCD. A gymnastics routine
When is whole practice used?
When the skill is continuous and cannot be broken down into subroutines - high organisation
What are advantages of whole practice?
Performer gets to know the feel and timing of the whole skill.
Quicker learning
What are disadvantages of whole practice?
Unsuitable for complex skills
When is part practice used?
When the skill is low organisation.
When learning serial and complex skills.
What are advantages of part practice?
Provides early success
Safety
Allows coach to focus on particular part of the skill
What are disadvantages of part practice?
Some performers experience difficulty in putting parts back together
Continuity of the skill is lost
Reduces kinaesthetic awareness
What is cognitive explanation?
Thinking about strategies and tactics can help the learner to make the correct decision
What is neurotransmitter explanation/
When performing mental rehearsal the muscular neurones fire as if the muscle is actually active, these contractions are very small.
What is confidence explanation?
Mental rehearsal can improve the confidence of performers, as when performing mental rehearsal the performer concentrated on successful and correct performance.
When is fixed practice used?
When learning a closed skill
What is an advantage and disadvantage of fixed practice?
Ad - promotes over learning
Dis - it does not always prepare performers for when things go wrong.
When is variable practice used?
When learning open skills
What is an advantage and disadvantage of variable practice?
Ad - allows learner to practise in situations more realistic to sporting activity
Dis - can be difficult to stimulate appropriate competitive situations
When is massed practice used?
When learning simple skills, short sessions and when performers are experienced and highly motivated
What is an advantage and disadvantage of massed practice?
Ad - good for learning discrete skills in a short duration
Dis - can lead to fatigue and boredom
When is distributed practice used?
When learning a new or complex skill, dangerous skills, short attention span or low motivation
What are advantages and disadvantages of distributed practice?
Ad - Good for leaning most skills, gives time to recover
Dis - reliant on the rest, can’t practice without a rest
When is mental practice used?
Potentially dangerous situations
Improve confidence
Warm up to aid focus and decrease anxiety
What is an advantage and disadvantage of mental practice ?
Ad - improves confidence
Dis - is not as effective as physical practice when it is used on its own.
