Lec 10. Psychological Disorders Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is a psychological disorder?
A clinically significant disturbance in one’s cognition, emotional regulation, or behaviour
Thoughts, emotions, behaviours that interfere with everyday life
What are the 4 Ds of psychological disorder? What do they mean?
- Deviance: Unusual/abnormal behaviour (across cultures/statistics)
- Distress: causes suffering for the person or people around them
- Dysfunction: interferes with the person’s everyday life
- Danger: can lead to the harm of self or others
What is a necessary component for the diagnosis of a mental disorder that is not related to what is happening?
It has to be consistent over time
What are the pros of labelling disorders?
It gives access to more specialized care, treatment options, and explanations?
What are the cons of labelling disorders?
There is still a prevalent stigma surrounding these labels
Why was treatment of psychological disorders unethical before the 1800s?
It was institutionalized and invasive procedures
What was the emerging big idea in the 1800s regarding psychological disorders?
It became a medical diagnosis that is treatable
What is the biopsychosocial approach to psychological disorders?
Disorders are influenced by biological, psychological, and social-cultural influences
What are some psychological influences on disorders?
Stress, trauma, learned helplessness, and mood/memories
What are some social influences on disorders?
Roles, expectations, definitions
What are some biological influences on disorders?
Evolution, genes, brain chemistry
What is the DSM-5?
It is the guide on disorders and estimates their occurrence
What updates were done from the DSM - 4 to the DSM - 5?
Some label changes, lifespan view, and there are some new disorders such as binge eating and hoarding disorders
What does the DSM-5 provide and what is necessary for disorder diagnosis?
It provides a checklist of diagnosis, and psychologists must create a case formulation through an interview
What large change was made over time to accommodate societal change in the 1980’s DSM - 3?
It was made to recognize sexual orientation as no longer a disorder
