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OTD806 > Lec Int 1-2 > Flashcards

Lec Int 1-2 Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

standing upright, head facing front, arms at side with palms forward

A

Anatomical Position

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2
Q

divides the body into right/left halves

A

Median (midsagittal)

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3
Q

divides the body into anterior/ posterior portions

A

Frontal (coronal)

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4
Q

divides the body into upper/ lower portions

A

Transverse (horizontal)

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5
Q

Higher than - Lower than

A

Superior - Inferior

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6
Q

Front - back

A

Anterior - Posterior

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7
Q

To the middle - to the side

A

Medial - Lateral

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8
Q

Toward the surface - Away from the surface

A

Superficial - Deep

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9
Q

Toward the point of origin - away from the point of origin

A

Proximal - Distal

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10
Q

Lying face up - Lying face down

A

Supine - Prone

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11
Q

reduces degree of acute joint angulation

A

Extension

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12
Q

moves away from the body

A

Abduction

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13
Q

moves toward the body

A

Adduction

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14
Q

combination of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

A

Circumduction

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15
Q

head of a bone spins within the socket of another bone

A

Rotation

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16
Q

Internal - External, face down - face up rotation

A

medial - lateral (external), pronation - supination

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17
Q

Move higher - move lower

A

Elevation - Depression

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18
Q

Move outward - move inward

A

Protraction - Retraction

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19
Q

covers the body externally and has three layers

(epidermis, dermis, hypodermis)

A

Skin

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20
Q

covers muscle, specializations include the superficial and deep layers

A

Fascia

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21
Q

note organization from slide views and consists of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac divisions

A

Muscle

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22
Q

skeleton consists of an axial skeleton (skull, spine, and thorax) and an appendicular skeleton (upper/ lower limbs)

A

Bone

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23
Q

The panniculus adiposis along with its underlying superficial membranous fascia are referred to as

A

tela subcutanea

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24
Q

The skin is an extensive organ forming the

A

integument

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25
The skin is an extensive organ forming the integument. On the average, the skin measures about ________ surface area
1.8 square meters
26
Functions of the skin: (Note the acronym: P A S T E):
Protection, Absorption, Sensation, Temperature regulation, Excretion
27
Three layers of skin from superficial to deep
Epidermis, Dermis, or Corium, TELA SUBCUTANEA
28
outer layer which consists of vegetative intermitotics (cells that continuously reproduce) with a keratinized layer.
Epidermis
29
________ is a protein, which is high in sulfur content.
Keratin
30
Dermis consists of what two layers
papillary, reticular
31
Layer of the dermis which consists of papillae that project into the epidermis and carry vasculature to the epidermis
papillary layer
32
Layer of the dermis which which consists of a network of collagen elastic fibers
reticular layer
33
Two layers of the TELA SUBCUTANEA
Hypodermis, Stratum fibrosum
34
Layer of the Tela subcutanea that is a layer of fat (panniculus adiposis)
Hypodermis
35
Layer of the tela subcutanea that surrounds exterior of muscle and is superficial to muscle, and also may be called the superficial fascia
Stratum fibrosum
36
distributed over the skin, and is absent on glabrous surfaces, ergo the lips
Hair
37
Hair is contained within the ______ which is a tube of infolding epidermis
hair follicle
38
Hair is produced at the _______ of the hair follicle, and consists of ________
base, keratinized
39
smooth muscle coursing from the root of the hair follicle to the dermis
Arrector pili
40
The Arrector pili muscle is under ________ control
sympathetic
41
contraction of the Arrector pili produces ________ and squeezing of the hair follicle, i.e. "Goose Pimples".
piloerection
42
ubiquitous glands, but absent in the palm of the hands and soles of the feet, can become clogged and produce acne
Sebaceous glands
43
The oily secretion of sebaceous glands contain cell parts and because the entire secretory cell is lost, it is termed a_______ gland.
holocrine gland
44
ubiquitous glands, but absent in the glans penis and labia minora
Sweat glands
45
Two types of sweat glands
eccrine, apocrine
46
The sweat gland is termed an ________ because none of the cell part is secreted
eccrine gland
47
Sweat glands are enlarged around the anus and armpit and are called _______ , which suggest that only part of the cell is secreted
apocrine glands
48
keratinized epithelium produced at the base of the nail bed
Nails
49
modified sweat gland. Typically, in females
Mammary gland
50
Superior boundary of mammary gland
2nd or 3rd rib
51
Inferior boundary of mammary gland
6th or 7th costal cartilage
52
Lateral bounrary of mammary gland
anterior axillary fold
53
The nipple is surrounded by the ______ and is found at the fourth rib
areola
54
The nipple is surrounded by the areola and is found at the _______ (males)
fourth rib
55
The mammary gland has two portions called
parenchyma, stroma
56
functional part of the mammary gland
parenchyma
57
supportive, connective tissue part of the mammary gland
stroma
58
connective tissue in the breast that help maintain structural integrity (cooper's ligaments)
retinaculum cutis
59
ducts that converge and form a branched system connecting the nipple to the lobules of the mammary gland
Lactiferous ducts
60
an expansion in a lactiferous duct at the base of the nipple in which milk accumulates
lactiferous sinus
61
extension of the tissue of the breast that extends into the axilla
tail of Spence
62
Lymphatic drainage of the breast is important because of the prevalence of
breast cancer in women
63
Cancer of the breast follows lymphatic channels to
axillary nodes
64
Surgery that removes the breast, axillary lymph nodes, and part of the pectoralis major
radical mastectomy
65
Surgery in which the mass itself only is removed from the breast
lumpectomy
66
In breast, 20 - 30 _________ drained primarily by the principal axillary lymphatic pathway and the accessory lymphatic pathway
Axillary lymph nodes
67
The axillary lymph nodes consist of 5 groups
``` Lateral group (around the axillary artery), Central group Pectoral group Subscapular group Apical group ```

OTD806 (43 decks)

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