lecture 1/29

Question 1

phospholipids

Answer 1

a double layer of this lines the cell membranes; unique type of lipid that has a water soluble head and fat soluble tail

Question 2

enzymes role

Answer 2

regulate chemical reactions

Question 3

cytoplasm

Answer 3

combination of fluid material and organelles within the cell

Question 4

mitochondria

Answer 4

powerhouse of cell; uses chemical energy to turn foods to energy

Question 5

nucleus

Answer 5

dna - chromosomes - gene

Question 6

oils examples

Answer 6

Veggie oils, soybean, canola oil, Fatty fish, avocado, olives, nuts, oil-based salad dressing, tub margarine, mayo

Question 7

solid fats examples

Answer 7

cream cheese, sour cream, shortening, stick margarine, and butter (solid fats to limit)

Question 8

are oils a food group?

Answer 8

Oils are not a food group as they’re usually components or ingredients of food

Question 9

what do oils provide?

Answer 9

Still provide essential fats and vitamin e

Question 10

canola oil vs coconut oil

Answer 10

coconut oil has WAY more sat fat

Question 11

categorize 75% lean meat

Answer 11

protein but also a food to limit because of fat

Question 12

AMDR

Answer 12

a set of healthy ranges for carbs, protein, fat

Question 13

DRI examples

Answer 13

RDA and AI

Question 14

process of digestion, absorption, transportation, and storage of nutrients

Answer 14

digestion

Question 15

where is DNA stored

Answer 15

nucleus

Question 16

Organs food passes through

Answer 16

mouth, esophagus, stomach, SI, LI, rectum/anus

Question 17

Organs food does not pass through but play a role

Answer 17

liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Question 18

what type of digestion occurs in Esophagus?

Answer 18

mechanical (peristalsis)

Question 19

what type of digestion occurs in the stomach?

Answer 19

Stomach
Enzymes start to break down protein (chem)
Mucus protects it from high acitdity
Muscles contract to mix chyme and liquid mass(mech)

Question 20

What is the major site of digestion?

Answer 20

SI

Question 21

what do villi do?

Answer 21

secrete enzymes and increase surface area

Question 22

produces bile to breakdown fat in SI; excess carb is glycogen

Answer 22

liver

Question 23

stores bile

Answer 23

gall bladder

Question 24

synthesizes bicarbonate and enzymes to break down macros in SI (chem), produces insulin/glucagon for glucose regulation

Answer 24

pancreas

Question 25

bile

Answer 25

Breaks down large fat globules into smaller chunks to be digested Hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends Produced by the liver Stored in the gallbladder

Question 26

LI/colon

Answer 26

Water is absorbed Bacteria break down fiber and release gas and fatty acids

Question 27

where is feces stored?

Answer 27

rectum

Question 28

kidney role

Answer 28

filter blood

Question 29

where is urine stored?

Answer 29

bladder

Question 30

where is mucus thickest?

Answer 30

stomach

Question 31

where are enzymes secreted?

Answer 31

Secreted in mouth, stomach, SI

Question 32

mouth secretes:

Answer 32

saliva, mucus enzymes; carbs absorbed

Question 33

stomach secretes:

Answer 33

ACID thickest saliva, enzymes; protein begins

Question 34

pancreas secretes:

Answer 34

bicarbonate, hormones, enzymes; breaks down all macros

Question 35

liver secretes:

Answer 35

bile; helps digest fat

Question 36

MAIN SITE of digestion and absorption:

Answer 36

SI

Question 37

SI secretes:

Answer 37

enzymes, hormones, bicarbonate; digest all macros

Question 38

LI secretes:

Answer 38

bile; mucus, bacteria; water absorbed and some fiber through the bacteria

Question 39

what can be absorbed in protein

Answer 39

amino acids

Question 40

what can be absorbed in carbs

Answer 40

simple sugars

Question 41

what can be absorbed in lipids

Answer 41

fatty acids, glycerol, cholesterol

Question 42

what are absorbed without further breakdown

Answer 42

Vitamins, minerals, and water