Lecture 1 - cell types and slide prep

Question 1

TEM

Answer 1

Transmission electron microscope. focus a beam of electrons. X500,000

Question 2

SEM

Answer 2

Scanning electron microscope. X100,000. Can see the topology

Question 3

H&E stain (Hematoxylin and Eosin)

Answer 3

Nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively

Question 4

PAS

Answer 4

glycogen, glycoproteins

Question 5

Aldehyde Fuchsin

Answer 5

elastic fibers, CT

Question 6

Orcein

Answer 6

collagen fibers, cytoplasmic counterstain, ELASTIC FIBERS

Question 7

Silver

Answer 7

Golgi apparatus, reticular fibers

Question 8

Freeze Fracturing

Answer 8

able to split the lipid bilayer into two.

Question 9

P Face and E Face

Answer 9

P face - protoplasmic

E face - external face

Question 10

Formalin (fixation)

Answer 10

cross links to proteins to keep a specimen in place during prepartion

Question 11

Four basic types of tissues

Answer 11

Nervous, Epithelial, muscle, and connective

Question 12

Basal lamina contents

Answer 12

Type IV collagen, glycoproteins laminin and entactin, and herapin sulfate.

Question 13

Simple vs stratified

Answer 13

Simple - one layer of cells

Stratified - multiple layer of cells

Question 14

Squamous

Answer 14

flat.

Question 15

Cuboidal

Answer 15

Square.

Question 16

Columnar

Answer 16

rectangular

Question 17

Simple squamous examples

Answer 17

Examples are mesothelium lining the pleural, pericardial and peritoneal cavities, and the endothelium lining the cardivoascular system

Question 18

Simple cuboidal examples

Answer 18

Examples are conducting passageways (glandular ducts), or play a role in secretion or absorption (Distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts in kidneys)

Question 19

Simple columnar examples

Answer 19

small intestine (gall bladder) and respiratory tract

Question 20

Transitional epithelium

Answer 20

bladder, extends when full of urine but collapses when urine is absent.

Question 21

Pseudostratified epithelium and an examples

Answer 21

every cell makes basement membrane contact (respiratory or male uterine tract). Found in the trachea and epididymis

Question 22

Stratified squamous example

Answer 22

skin.

Question 23

Keratinized

Answer 23

Dead skin cells found on top. Found in external surfaces of the body

Question 24

Stratified cuboidal example

Answer 24

sweat gland duct

Question 25

Stratified columnar example

Answer 25

salivary gland duct and the male urethra

Question 26

Where are binucleated cells located

Answer 26

bladder cells which is transitional epithelium

Question 27

Parenchyma

Answer 27

secretory cells of the gland

Question 28

Stroma

Answer 28

CT within the gland, which supports the secretory cells

Question 29

Exocrine glands

Answer 29

possess ducts that go to the surface of the body or into the cavity of a hollow organ

Question 30

Endocrine glands

Answer 30

secret into blood vessels

Question 31

simple vs compound gland

Answer 31

simple: one unbranched duct Compound: ducts branch

Question 32

Acinar vs tubular secretory portion

Answer 32

Acinar is a bulb shape. | Tubular is elongated

Question 33

Mucous secretion

Answer 33

muco-poly saccharides which do not stain well thus produce a lighter stain

Question 34

Serous secretion

Answer 34

Contain more proteins and will stain darker. Also usually contain more water

Question 35

Merocrine secretion

Answer 35

secreting vesicles bud off of golgi apparatus and then fuse with the apical membrane and relase into extracelluluar environment

Question 36

Apocrine secretion

Answer 36

A large chunk of the cell is secreted. Seen in mammary glands

Question 37

Holocrine secretion

Answer 37

A whole cell is secreted. Such as the sebaceous gland of the skin.

Question 38

Brush border is made up of what and found where

Answer 38

microvilli and found in the small intestine

Question 39

Microvilli proteins

Answer 39

actin filament both into the body of the microvilli but also perpendicular in the basal area to provide rigidity. Fimbrin and villin also found

Question 40

Cilia

Answer 40

Found in the respiratory system (trachae). Thick and longer than cilia. Can see an axoneme

Question 41

Stereocilia

Answer 41

Skinny microvilli and contain actin. Seen in ductus epididymis.

Question 42

Microplicae

Answer 42

surface folds. Help retain mucus and other solutions. Found in GI tract

Question 43

Goblet cell and type of secretion

Answer 43

secreting cells of mucous into the lumen of the intestine. Merocrine type of secretion.