Lecture 12 - Oral

Question 1

Oral mucous membrane

Answer 1

mostly stratified squamous epithelium (non-keratinized but friction areas are keratinized), wet mucosa, and highly permeable on the floor

Question 2

Areas of high friction in mouth

Answer 2

gingiva, hard palate, and dorsal suface of tongue may be keratinized.

Question 3

Vermillion zone

Answer 3

transition between keratinized and non-keratinized. Abundant dermal capillaries (red color)

Question 4

Type of muscle in the lip

Answer 4

striated muscle.

Question 5

number of permanent teeth and the division and roots

Answer 5

32.
8 incisors (cutting, 1 root)
4 canine (grasping, 1 root)
8 premolars (grinding, 2 roots)
12 molars (grinding, 2 roots)

Question 6

number of baby teeth

Answer 6

20 deciduous teeth

Question 7

Structure of tooth

Answer 7

crown (exposed) and root (in socket)

Question 8

Enamel

Answer 8

99% calcium crystals. outer most part. Produced by ameloblasts

Question 9

Dentin

Answer 9

bulk of the tooth. contains type I collagen and minerals

Question 10

Pulp cavity

Answer 10

vessels and nerves. inner most part of tooth.

Question 11

Apical foramen

Answer 11

communication area between pulp and what goes into the bone

Question 12

Periodontal ligament

Answer 12

between cementum and the bone and allows for slight movement of teeth. continuous with gingiva

Question 13

Cementum

Answer 13

bone layer of tooth root. Connects dentin to the ligament. produced by cementocytes

Question 14

Odontoblasts

Answer 14

give rise to dentin (predentin first but matures). which surround the pulp cavity. processes that extend into canals (dentinal tubules)

Question 15

Ameloblasts

Answer 15

produce enamel. Rods like structure

Question 16

Branching occurs in what portion of the odontoblasts?

Answer 16

middle portion

Question 17

Cementocytes

Answer 17

produce cementum

Question 18

sharpey’s fibers

Answer 18

collagen bundles from periodontal ligament

Question 19

alveolar processes

Answer 19

bone that forms sockets for dental roots

Question 20

Gingival sulcus

Answer 20

space between the free gingival and crown. lined by non-keratinized epithelium.

Question 21

Development of teeth

Answer 21

begins at 6-7 weeks of gestation. crown formation begins before root. Root will coincide with eruption

Question 22

Enamel organ origin (bud phase)

Answer 22

ectoderm. cellular down-growth of oral epithelium. origin of crown.

Question 23

Dental papilla origin (cap phase)

Answer 23

mesoderm. forms dentin related structures and pulp.

Question 24

Mesenchyme origin (bell phase)

Answer 24

dental sac. forms cementoblasts and periodontal ligament.

Question 25

Hard palate

Answer 25

first 2/3 of palate which separates nasal cavity from oral cavity. salivary glands (mucus)

Question 26

Soft palate

Answer 26

separates nasopharynx and oropharynx. uvula. Taste buds.

Question 27

Tongue

Answer 27

interlacing skeletal muscle. dorsal surface has thick keratinized.

Question 28

oral protion of tongue

Answer 28

anterior 2/3 has lingual papillae.

Question 29

Pharyngeal portion of tongue

Answer 29

posterior 1/3. lingual tonsils.

Question 30

Sulcus terminalis

Answer 30

V-shaped shallow groove separating palatine and pharyngeal portions

Question 31

3 types of papillae

Answer 31

filiform, fungiform, and circumvallate

Question 32

Filiform papillae

Answer 32

most numerous, conical shaped, keratinized, no taste buds.

Question 33

Fungiform papillae

Answer 33

mushroom shaped, contain a few taste buds

Question 34

Circumvallate papillae

Answer 34

moat. located in front of the sulcus terminalis. Contains taste buds and glands of von ebner

Question 35

Glands of von ebner

Answer 35

in circumvallate. deliver serous secretions to help clean.

Question 36

Taste buds

Answer 36

gustatory cells (taste) lined by microvilli (light stainint), other cells are support cells (dark staining) and basal stem cells (connect to the nerve).

Question 37

Taste pore

Answer 37

microvilli project into the ppore and are exposed to the microenvironment.

Question 38

Lingual tonsils

Answer 38

minor salivary glands secrete mucus into crypts

Question 39

Composition of saliva

Answer 39

95% water, proteins (enzymes, mucus, IgA, lysozyme, lactoferrin) and electrolytes

Question 40

Location of major salivary glands

Answer 40

parotid, submandibular, and sublingual. All encapsulated

Question 41

Minor salivary glands

Answer 41

not encapsulated, short ducts, and located everywhere and continuous.

Question 42

Serous

Answer 42

more aqueous (zymogen ganules and amylase), stain dark. SAD

Question 43

Mucus

Answer 43

mucin (lubrication), more dense. stain light.

Question 44

Acini of glands

Answer 44

formed by myoepithelial cells. similar to muscle to help secret saliva.

Question 45

type of ducts for salivary glands

Answer 45

striated ducts which help modify with electrolytes

Question 46

Parasympathetic stimulation of saliva

Answer 46

more saliva

Question 47

Sympathetic stimulation of saliva

Answer 47

reduces saliva.

Question 48

2 nuclei in the brain stem that affect saliva

Answer 48

superior - sublingual and submandibular | inferior - parotid

Question 49

Parotid glands

Answer 49

25% of saliva. serous type (compound alveolar) - water, electrolytes, and amylase, IgA. Stenson's duct - inner cheek.

Question 50

Submandibular glands

Answer 50

70% of saliva. mixed type (serous predominates) with serous demilunes (compound tubuloalveolar) - mucin. Wharton's duct on the floor of the mouth.

Question 51

Sublingual glands

Answer 51

5% saliva. smallest. mixed type (mucous predominates) with serous demilunes (compound tubuloalveolar) - mucin. Bartholin's duct - to submandibular ducts

Question 52

Oropharynx

Answer 52

conducts food to esophagus. stratified squamous epithelium (non-keratinized)

Question 53

Nasopharynx

Answer 53

conducts air to the larynx and trachae. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (respiratory)