Lecture 10 Flashcards
What are some arguments for freedom of movement?
3 pt
Gives the animal control of environment
* physical and psycholigical benefits
Allows fulfillment of behavioural needs
* behavioural expression, social interaction
Maintains better physical condition
What are some arguments for and against housing design changes?
6 pt
- cost of system
- cost of conversion: who pays for it?
- ease of management
- handling skills
- automation
- hygiene, manure management
What are the housing systems for laying hens and how do they affect wing movement and bones?
3 pt
- semi-intensive alternative
- battery cages: most fragil humerus
- deep-litter ‘free run’: best wing movement and best humerus strength
How do group housed sows benefit?
4 pt
- greater fitness than in stalls
- lower resting heart rate
- increased bone strength
- shorter birthing interval - fewer stillborns
Positive and negative effects of behavioural needs?
2 pt
Positive (if behavioural need is met)
* superior health, productivity or positive behaviours
Negative (if behavioural need is not met)
* frustration, boredom, depression, psychosis
Examples of whether the animal needs to perform the behaviour or if they just want the consequence.
3 pt
Need to perform it:
* forage if given food: cows roll tongue to start digestive enzymes
* nestbuild if given a nest: sows do to release oxytocin
Want the consequence:
* dig if given tunnel: gerbilswill not dig if given tunnel - want shelter
External motivation vs internal motivation?
2 pt
external: gerbal & tunnel
* motivatedto perform the behaviour is controlled by environmental cues
* providing the result satisfies/extinguishes the motivation
internal: sows & nest building
* motivation is internall controlled
* only doing the behaviour will reduce motivation
What is Konrad Loranz’s psychohydraulic model of motivation?
1 pt
Motivation (pressure) builds up over time, behaviour is the release
Why is it important to look at stereotypic animals?
1 pt
They show brain changes to basal ganglia: changed behavioural responses, impaired learning abilities.
* might not be suitable for brain or behaviour research
What are the internal and external triggers of chickens dustbathing?
7 pt
Internal:
* circadian rhythm (high in daylight)
* if restricted, motivation increases
* performed in layer cages when dust is absent
External:
* Warmer temps
* Presence of suitable substrate (sand, sawdust)
* High light levels
* Social facilitation (group behaviour)
How does sucking benefit calves?
3 pt
- greater insulin and CCK levels
- better digestion and increased satiety
- heart rates lower
Internal behaviour
What is cognitive bias?
1 pt
measuring if animals are pessimistic or optimistic
Example of human contact not taking place of conspecifics.
1 pt
Study done with cats found that human-reared females are less likely to reproduce than those raised by their mother
