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ANBI 411 > Lecture 24 > Flashcards

Lecture 24 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some examples of different behavioural tests?

4 pts

A
  1. Response to environmental challenge - ‘Challenge Tests’
  2. Aggression
  3. General fearfulness
  4. Fearfulness towards humans
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2
Q

What is response to environmental challenges?

5 pts

A
  • Social isolation - do they excape, vocalize?
  • Handling - calm, fearful?
  • Novel object - active, passive?
  • Food competition - aggression, dominance?
  • Social competition - aggression, dominance
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3
Q

What is the open door test?

2 pts

A
  • Willingness to exit pen
  • Which animal exits first
  • Active/bold - exit first
  • Passive/shy - slow to exit
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4
Q

What is the Novel Object Test?

2 pts

A
  • Willingness to approach a novel object
  • Tested in isolation or group setting
  • Active/bold - rapid contact, short duration
  • Passive/shy - slower to contact, longer duration
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5
Q

What is an aggression test and explain it.

4 pts

A

Resident-intruder test
* assess individual propensity to attack
* Procedure:
- test conducted in pen
- encounters between a resident and intruder
- intruder is unfamiliar, sbmaller
- after initial attack, the test is over
- Measure: attack latency
- short latency: high aggressive
- Long latency: low aggressive

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6
Q

Whatis the open-field test and tonic immobility?

2 pts

A
  1. Rodents put in open box, active animals don’t defecate as fast as passive, animal’s movement (ambulation score), position scores
  2. In poultry, freeze response, fearful birds: longerto move, lessactive, fewer distress calls
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7
Q

How to test fearfulness towards humans?

3 pts

A
  1. Tonic immobility in poultry
  2. Flinch, step and kick response in dairy cattle
  3. Approach tests
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8
Q

What is the statistical method developed for IQ analysis?

1 pts

A

Principle Components Analysis (PCA): considered similar to factor analysis
* Large number of variables per individual
* Correlation between multiple variables
* Is used to simplifydatainto smaller set of factorsthat explain multiple variables
* Factors are then used to explain the complex data set

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9
Q

What are some problems with interpreting factor analysis?

2 pts

A
  • “correlation does not equal causation”
  • just because variables are correlated does not mean they are related or inter-dependent
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10
Q

What are some reasons that would make factor analysis highly variable?

2 pts

A
  • Sample size
  • Rotation method (statistical method), etc.
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11
Q

What types of personality tests have been done on horses?

4 pts

A

Emotionality:
* Arena test
* Novel object test
* Bridge test
Learning and memory:
* Chest test - latency to open

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12
Q

What did the results determine about personality in horses?

1 pt

A
  • Both breed and type of work affected behaviour
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13
Q

What are the four key canine motivations that are similar in all dog breeds?

4 pts

A
  • Play-drive
  • Hunt-drive
  • Prey-drive
  • Pack-drive
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14
Q

Who had the higher score for temperament (more excitable): B. indicus or B. taurus?

1 pt

A

B. indicus

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15
Q

Who had the higher score for temperament (more excitable): steers or heifers?

1 pt

A

Heifers

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16
Q

True or false: calm animals had higher gains.

1 pt

A

True

17
Q

What do hair whorls indicate in cattle?

1 pt

A

If hair whorls are lower, animal is more aggressive

18
Q

What is an easy way to reduce fear response in cattle?

1 pt

A

Using feed rewards

19
Q

What are two examples of ways animals adapt?

2 pts

A
  • Social learning - fear response: if you are young and see elders being scared of something, you will socially learn that you should be scared of that thing
  • Winning or losing a fight: if you lose a fight, you’ll learn you’re not good at fighting
20
Q

Will fish change their behaviour based on watching other fish?

4 pts

A

Shy watching shy: approached the object more quickly
Bold watching Shy: approached the object more slowly
Bold/Bold and Shy/Bold: no change

Fish showed social learning

If you’re watching an animal with the same strategy as you, you might change up your strategy. However, with bold/bold they are less flexible at changing their strategies compared to shys

ANBI 411 (24 decks)

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