Lecture 14

Question 1

What are the steps of animal cognition?

4 pt

Answer 1

• Acquire information
• Perception - interprets something or someone, realizes or understands
• Storing of information
• Utilize

Question 2

How to measure cognition in animals?

3 pts

Answer 2

• Behavioural measures
• Physiological measures
• “Asking the animal”

Question 3

How can we ask the animal?

3 pts

Answer 3

• Preference testing
• Working for resources
• Response paradigms - figuring out a detour

Question 4

What is important to social cognition and what can happen if you mix unfamiliar animals?

6 pt

Answer 4

Memory and recognition
* Aggression/fighting
* Subordinate animals avoiding dominance (if there is a hierarchy)
* Frienships
* Dam + offspring

Question 5

If animals ave the ability to recognize other individuals, they appear to have the abilit of ________

1 pt

Answer 5

social cognition

Question 6

What does it mean to recognize someone?

2 pt

Answer 6

• Remembering previous encounters
• An understanding of the object or event (perception)

Question 7

What is recall?

1 pt

Answer 7

Ability to form a mental image of an object in its absence
* ex. birds: recognized pictures of individuals at different angles
* Sheep: recognized frontal and profile views

Question 8

What is memory?

2 pt

Answer 8

Involves new CNS activities
* strengthening of synaptic connectivity
* Fresh production or reconstruction of neural pathway

Question 9

What happens if there is an information overload?

1 pt

Answer 9

• filtering of info occurs at receptor level and the corticol region of the brain

Question 10

What do you use to examine brain activity?

1 pt

Answer 10

electroencephalograph

Question 11

What is a behavioural observation to test for cognition and recognition?

1 pt

Answer 11

Operant condition to determine if animals can distinguish between individuals

Question 12

What did the test on ewes show for recognition?

3 pts

Answer 12

• human vs sheep: ewes preferred the sheep picture
• same breed vs diff. breed: ewes preferred same breed picture
• ram vs ewe picture: estrous ewe preferred ram, anestrous ewe preferred ewe

Sheep show species, breed and individual recognition

Question 13

What is the most important sense for chickens and sheep?

2 pt

Answer 13

• chickens = vision
• sheep = smell

Question 14

Examples of animals classifying others

3 pts

Answer 14

• elephants show more interest in tusks/skulls of their own species
• Ducklings recognize calls from own species
• Hens try to avoid chickens from other strains, more aggressive towards them, more sexual attention to chickens within their strain

Question 15

Can demonstrating new skills have negative effects?

2 pts

Answer 15

• puppy picks up bad behaviour
• stereotypies - ex. tailbiting, cannibalism in chickens

Question 16

What is the age that is most important for learning?

1pt

Answer 16

critical age