Lecture 12 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 12 Deck (18)
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1
Q

Define a compounded hazard.

A

Linked or sequential events, one event leading to another.

Earthquake —> tsunami
Earthquake —> fire

2
Q

Define a risk?

A

Human or environmental vulnerabilities, exposed infrastructure, activities, economics

3
Q

What are faults?

A

A break in the earths crust/ fractures in the lithosphere.

4
Q

What happens if a fault suddenly occurs?

A

An earthquake

5
Q

What is another name for a transform fault?

A

Strike slip

6
Q

What is an indicator of a slip strike fault or transform fault?

A

Offset drainage

7
Q

Define a natural hazard?

A

Atmospheric, hydraulic or geologic process that affects humans society, infrastructure that impacts our lives

8
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

Surface shaking produced by rapid release of strain from tectonic plates. It produces waves that radiate in all directions

9
Q

What two waves are emitted by an earthquake?

A
P wave (primary)
S wave (secondary)
10
Q

Describe a primary wave.

A

Push pull motion that can travel through any surface.

More destructive

11
Q

Describe a secondary wave.

A

Up down motion. This wave is absorbed by water and sediment but propagates well through solids

12
Q

What is the measure of an earthquake

A

Intensity and magnitude and is logarithmic

13
Q

What four factors are connected to an earthquakes destruction?

A

Magnitude and direction
Amplification of waves
What material do structures rest on
Design of structures

14
Q

Define liquefaction.

A

A surface liquefying due to seismic waves

15
Q

What is a tsunami?

A

Seismic generated sea wave that starts low and fast offshore And surges up on shore standing up

16
Q

True or false:

earthquakes can alter earths tilt

A

True

17
Q

What is the epicentre?

A

The point directly above the focus on the earths surface indication the start of a an earthquake

18
Q

What is a focus?

A

The origin point of an earthquake located on a fault