Lecture 13 Commercialisation Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are some success stories of natural products turned into major medicines?
Penicillin, Aspirin, Paclitaxel, Metformin
These examples illustrate how natural products can lead to significant medical advancements.
What is the first step in the process of natural product commercialisation?
Patient diagnosis and identifying a target indication
This step is crucial for determining the direction of research and development.
What are the phases of development in the natural product commercialisation process?
Preclinical, Phase I, Phase II, Phase III trials, Regulatory approval
Each phase has specific objectives and requirements to ensure safety and efficacy.
What is the Botanical Drug Pathway?
Unique regulatory path for plant-based medicines
This pathway addresses specific considerations for herbal and botanical drugs.
What does the Patents Act 2013 protect?
Inventions for up to 20 years
This act provides legal protection for new inventions in New Zealand.
How long does the Trade Marks Act 2002 protect brands?
Renewable indefinitely
This allows for continuous protection of brand identity as long as it is in use.
What does the Copyright Act 1994 protect?
Original works for the life of the author + 50 years
This ensures creators retain rights to their original expressions.
What is the duration of protection under the Designs Act 1953?
15 years
This act protects new and applied designs in New Zealand.
What does the Geographical Indications Act 2006 protect?
Names linked to place quality
This act safeguards the reputation of products originating from specific regions.
What is the duration of protection under the Plant Variety Rights Act 2022?
20–23 years
This provides legal protection for new plant varieties developed in New Zealand.
What are the types of IP protection?
Patents, Trade Secrets, Traditional Knowledge, Know-how
Each type serves different purposes and offers varying levels of protection.
What role do Māori Advisory Committees play in IP?
Advise on trademarks, patents, and plant variety rights involving Māori knowledge or symbols
Their aim is to protect Māori cultural heritage and prevent exploitation.
What are the requirements for patents?
Novelty, Inventive Step, Utility
These criteria ensure that patents are granted only for truly innovative and useful inventions.
How does the ownership aspect differ between Anglo-American and Indigenous IP systems?
Individual vs Collective or kaitaki (guardianship) relationship
This reflects cultural differences in the understanding of ownership and stewardship.
How is knowledge management viewed in the Anglo-American system compared to the Indigenous system?
Public domain vs Permission to use ≠ permission to share
Indigenous systems emphasize the need for respect and permission in sharing knowledge.
What is the difference between bioprospecting and biopiracy?
Bioprospecting: Ethical use; Biopiracy: Unauthorized use
Understanding this distinction is crucial for ethical practices in resource utilization.
Name a source of paclitaxel.
Pacific Yew
This tree is a significant example of how natural resources can lead to life-saving medicines.
What is a traditional Indian medicinal plant mentioned in the content?
Neem
Neem is widely known for its medicinal properties and traditional uses.
What is a famous Māori natural product?
MānuKa honey
This product is renowned for its unique qualities and health benefits.
