Lecture 15 - Lipids Intro Flashcards
0
Q
Name the energy storage lipids
A
Fatty acids
Triglycerides
Waxes
1
Q
Role of lipids?
A
Energy storage
Structure
Signaling
Cofactors and pigments
2
Q
Memorize these about fatty acids…
A
- Carboxylic acids with hydrocarbon chains (4–36 carbons)
- Oxidation is highly exergonic (energy store)
- Even number of carbons (synthesized from C_2 units)
- Number of carbons and degree of unsaturation determine physical properties
- Name specifies chain length and with # and location of double bonds relative to carbonyl carbon
3
Q
True or false? Saturated fatty acid chains freely rotate
A
True
4
Q
The difference in melting points of fatty acids is due to what?
A
Due to the difference in packing
5
Q
Memorize these about triglycerides (triacylglycerols)
A
- Three fatty acid in ester linkage to glycerol
- Nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules
- Major source of metabolic fuel stored in adipose tissue and lipid vacuoles in plants
6
Q
Memorize these about waxes…
A
- Ester of saturated and unsaturated long – chain fatty acid with long – chain alcohols
- Useful as metabolic fuel
- High melting point and water repellant
7
Q
Memorize these about glycerophospholipids
A
- Glycerol 3-phosphate with ester linked fatty acids at C1 and C2 positions (hydrophobic “tails”)
- Phosphodiester-linked highly polar, charged head group at C3 (hydrophilic)
8
Q
Memorize these about ether-linked lipids
A
- Glycerol 3-phosphate with ether linked fatty acid at C1 and ester linked fatty acid at C2 positions
- Common in heart tissue (plasmalogen)
- Molecular signal (platelet-activating factor)
9
Q
- Glycerol with ester linked fatty acids at C1 and C2 positions (hydrophobic “tails”)
- A head group at C3 of glycerol with a glycosidic linkage to a mono or disaccharide of galactose (phosphate free)
- These are located in internal membranes of chloroplasts so probably most abundant lipid in nature
A
Plant lipids: Galactolipids
10
Q
- Membrane lipids with long-chain (32 carbon) branched hydrocarbons ether linked to glycerols at each end
- Stable under extreme conditions
A
Archaea Lipids
11
Q
- Long – chain fatty acid amide linked at C2 to long – chain alcohol, sphingosine
- Polar head group joined by a glycosidic linkage or phosphodiester bond
A
Sphingolipids
12
Q
True or false? Glycosphingolipids have diverse sugar groups important for cell recognition (e.g. determining blood group)
A
True
13
Q
- Fused rings of 6-carbons and 5-carbon
- Metabolic precursor for steroid hormones and bile acids
- Cholesterol is major component of animal plasma membranes
- Very important to physical properties and organization of membranes
A
Sterol
