Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Microbiology > Lecture 15 Vaccines 3.0 > Flashcards

Lecture 15 Vaccines 3.0 Flashcards

(60 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Immunization is the process of ________ immunity

A

inducing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Naturally acquired immunity

A

gained through illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Artificially acquired immunity

A

Gained through immunization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

________ immunity results from exposure to antigen

A

Active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

in active immunity, ________ are activated and ________ cells provide long term protection

A

Lymphocytes, memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Active immunity is natural by infection but ________ through vaccination

A

passive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Passive immunity results from

A

addition of other’s antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Passive immunity causes ________ protection, no memory cells formed

A

Temporary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mother’s IgG antibodies cross placent, breast milk contains IgA

examples of what immunity

A

Natural passive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

artificial passive immunity is the injection of ________ containing antibodies

A

Antiserum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

artificial passive immunity does what to duration of diseases?

A

limits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Artificial passive immunity blocks action of ________

A

Microbial toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hyperimmune globulin

A

Antibodies to specific disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

immune globulin

A

IgG fraction from many donors, variety of antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Monoclonal antibody

A

Therapeutics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vaccines is a preparation of pathogen use to induce ________ immunity

A

active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is herd immunity

A

More then 75% of population is immune to disease so virus isn’t able to spread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Live attenuated vaccines
- agent
- immune response
- risks

A

agent can replication
stronger
may cause disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

inactivated vaccines
- agent
- immune response
- risks

A

agent cannot replicate
weaker immune response
cannot cause infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Attenuated vaccine is a ________ form of pathogen

A

weakened

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

attenuated vaccine pathogen is grown to foster ________

A

mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

advantage of attenuated vaccine: single dose induces ________ immunity due to microbe multiplying in body

A

long lasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

If the attenuated vaccine pathogen spreads, what happens?

A

can immunize others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Disadvantages of attenuated vaccines

A

Can caused disease in immunosuppressed people
can become pathogenic
not for pregnant women
requires fridge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, yellow fever, rotavirus are ________ vaccines
attenuated
26
inactivated vaccines are unable to replicate but are still ________
immunogenic
27
Advantage of inactivated vaccine
can't cause infection or become pathogenic
28
Disadvantage of inactivated vaccien
Boosters required
29
inactivated vaccines contain ________
adjuvant
30
what is adjuvant
ingredient in vaccines that helps create a stronger immune response - causes more local reactions and body reactions
31
adjuvants provide signals to ________ cells through ________ activation
dendritic cells, TLRs
32
Adjuvants can trigger ________ response and hold antigen and release it slowly over time
inflammatory
33
Inactivated whole agent vaccines contain ________ microorganisms or inactive virus
killed
34
Inactivated whole agent vaccines are treated with ________ that does not change surface epitome
Formalin
35
Influence, rabies, hep A are what type of vaccine
Inactivated whole agent
36
in toxoid vaccines, toxins are treated to destroy toxic part, retains________
antigenic epitopes
37
diptheria, tetanus is what type of vaccine
toxoid
38
subunit vaccines consist key ________ from pathogen
protein antigens or fragments
39
Subunit vaccines avoid cell parts that ________
cause side effects
40
Acellular pertussis vaccine is what type
Subunit
41
recombinant subunit vaccines produced using ______ microorganisms
genetically engineered
42
Hep B is what type of vaccine
Recombinant subunit
43
Virus like particle vaccines (VLP) empty ________ produced by genetically engineering organisms
capsid
44
HPV vaccine is what type?
VLP
45
Polysaccharide vaccines contain polysaccharide from ________
capsules
46
________ vaccines are not effective in young kids
Polysaccharide vaccines
47
polysaccharides are ________ antigens which elicit poor response in kids
T-independent
48
Pneumococcal vaccine is what type of vaccine
Polysaccharide
49
conjugate vaccines are
polysaccharides linked to proteins
50
Conjugate vaccines convert polysaccharides to ________
T-dependent antigens
51
Nucleic acid based vaccines is segments of ________ from infectious agent
Naked DNA or RNA
52
Nucleic acid based vaccine cells express genes ________ injections
For some time after
53
For COVID, what is the best vaccine?
mRNA
54
mRNA vaccines injected mRNA stimulates dendritic cells via ________ to secrete TNF-alpha and IL6
RNA specific toll-like receptors
55
mRNA vaccines expresses co-stimulatory molecules to activate ________ cells
Th
56
mRNA vaccines Express antigen in context of ________ molecules
MHC Class I
57
mRNA vaccines ________ cells react with cognate class I molecules giving rise to ________ response
CD8+ T-cells, Tc
58
mRna vaccines some target protein escapes and binds to ________ receptors
B cell
59
________ immunity is not better than immunization
Natural
60
mRNA vaccines Th cells specific for target antigen stimulate ________ cells expressing target protein in context of class II molecules leads to b-cell ________ and differentiation into ________ cells and production of antibody
Th proliferation

Microbiology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions