Lecture 2 Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the two broad ways to count or record behavior?
Continuous recording and interval recording
Continuous recording involves tracking every occurrence of a target behavior, while interval recording involves checking if the behavior occurs during specific short intervals.
What is continuous recording?
Recording each and every occurrence of a target behavior within a given period
Continuous recording provides a detailed account of behavior frequency.
What is interval recording?
Recording whether a behavior occurs during each of a series of short intervals within an observation period
Interval recording is useful for assessing behavior occurrence without needing to track every instance.
What is inter observer reliability?
A measure of the degree of agreement in data tallies made by two or more observers
This reliability ensures the consistency and accuracy of recorded behavior data.
What reliability score do most BCBAs consider acceptable?
90
A score below 80 is regarded as unreliable.
What are simple frequency graphs?
A graph in which each data point indicates the number of times a behavior occurred over a period of time
Simple frequency graphs are useful for visualizing behavior frequency.
What are cumulative frequency graphs?
A graph in which each data point indicates the total number of times the behavior has occurred up to that point in time
Cumulative frequency graphs help in understanding the behavior trend over time.
What is the problem of group analysis in evaluating an intervention?
U make conclusions about interventions’ efficacy based on group averages = don’t get indiv info - need to be able to run experiments at the indiv level
What is a Single Case Experimental Design (SCED)?
A research design in which the behavior of an individual is compared under experimental and control conditions.
What is the purpose of a baseline period in research?
To record the behavior under study without making any attempt to modify it.
Define ABAB reversal design.
A single case design in which baseline and intervention conditions are repeated with the same person.
What does a multiple baseline design entail?
Recording the effects of an intervention across situations, behaviours, or individuals.
What is the alternating treatment design?
A single case design in which two or more interventions alternate systematically.
What is the A-B design?
The most simple single case experimental design.
In a graph, where is time plotted?
Always on the x-axis.
What should be considered before ending the baseline period?
The baseline should be relatively stable.
What is a problem associated with the AB design?
No replication, making it hard to determine if the intervention caused the change in behavior.
True or False: The baseline period is crucial for comparing the effects of an intervention.
True.
Fill in the blank: The _______ design records the effects of an intervention across situations, behaviours, or individuals.
multiple baseline
What was the primary focus of the study by Radarrie et al. (2007)?
Effectiveness of intervention to decrease disruptive behaviour
The study involved using a bowl of m&m’s as a reward system to reduce disruptions in the classroom.
What method did the teacher use to decrease disruptive behaviour in the Radarrie et al. study?
Took out a chocolate every time there was disruption
This approach was part of a Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors (DRO) intervention.
What design did Krentz et al. (2016) utilize in their study?
A-B-A-B Reversal design
This design involves returning to the baseline after treatment to observe changes.
What is the purpose of using token reinforcement in behavior interventions?
To reinforce desired behaviors
Token reinforcement is a method where tokens are given as rewards for positive behavior.
