Lecture 2

Question 1

Connective tissue (CT) characteristics: (5)

Answer 1

found in every organ except CNS
relatively few cells
abundant matrix
varying amounts of protein fibers
classified on the basis of the type of matrix, fiber density , and fiber organization

Question 2

CT Fcns: (5)

Answer 2

physically supports other tissues
binds other tissues together
provides structural framework and opposes gravity
creates body contours
houses specialized tissue i.e. blood forming tissue (hemtopoietic) and lymphoid tissue !!

Question 3

CT types: Wharton’s Jelly and found where

Answer 3

embryonic found in umbilical cord

Question 4

CT types for adult

Answer 4

elastic
reticular
loose
dense

Question 5

CT types for special

Answer 5

adipose
cartilage
bone
hematopoietic

Question 6

-blast

Answer 6

to build/make

Question 7

-cyte

Answer 7

cell

Question 8

-clast

Answer 8

to break down

Question 9

list the 3 protein fibers:

Answer 9

collagen
elastic
reticular

Question 10

Amorphous non-cellular material:

Answer 10

glycosaminoglycans
glycoprotiens
chondroitin sulfate (cartilage)
hydroxyapatite (bone)

Question 11

loose (areolar) CT characteristics (5)

Answer 11

high ratio of fibroblasts to fibrous components
type I collagen fibers and elastic fibers
found beneath tissues of most organs, including tunica adventitia of blood vessels
contains fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages, and capillaries

Question 12

Dense regular CT characteristics (4)

Answer 12

high ratio of fibrous components to fibroblasts
thicker bundles of collagen
highly ordered bundles of collagen separated by single rows of fibroblasts
found in tendons and ligaments

Question 13

diameter of adipocytes

Answer 13

150 micrometers

Question 14

types of adipose tissue

Answer 14

white fat distributed throughout the body (unilocular)

brown fat cells contain numerous smaller lipid droplets

Question 15

brown fat characteristics (4)

Answer 15

multilocular
slightly more cytoplasm
abundant in mitochondria
used for heat production

Question 16

CT matrix consists of:

Answer 16

protein fibers and ground substance

Question 17

CT proper cells that are in homogeneous matrix are?

Answer 17

fibrocytes and fribroblasts

Question 18

Types of CT protein fibers and ground substance in matrix:

Answer 18

collagen
reticular and elastic fibers
grond substance composed of glycosaminoglycans and glcoproteins

Question 19

cartilage forming cells

Answer 19

chondroblasts

Question 20

cartilage maintenance cells

Answer 20

chrondrocytes

Question 21

collagen fibers

Answer 21

mostly type II

Question 22

amorphous ground substance (3)

Answer 22

hyaluronan
chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparin sulfate
glycosaminoglycans

Question 23

outer fibrous layer surrounding a mass of cartilage

Answer 23

perichondrium

Question 24

gives rise to chondroblasts which become chondrocytes which produces collagen and proteoglycans in matrix

Answer 24

inner chondrogenic layer

Question 25

avascular properties of cartilage:

Answer 25

slow to heal | nutrients and oxygen are derived from blood vessels

Question 26

the 3 major classes of cartilage:

Answer 26

hyaline elastic fibrocartilage

Question 27

...may form part or all of the skeletal system in vertebrates

Answer 27

cartilage

Question 28

most of the skeletal sys in vertebrates begins as?

Answer 28

cartilage

Question 29

matrix of cartilage: (3)

Answer 29

chondroitin sulfate collagen fibers proteoglycans

Question 30

Chondroblasts do what?

Answer 30

for the cartilage matrix

Question 31

chondrocytes do what?

Answer 31

maintain the cartilage matrix

Question 32

lucunae:

Answer 32

pockets w/in the matrix where the chondroblasts and chondrocytes are found

Question 33

hyaline cartilage growth patterns:

Answer 33

appositional | interstitial

Question 34

location of hyaline cartilage

Answer 34

ears nose movable joint surfaces

Question 35

elastic cartilage found in (2)

Answer 35

auricle (pinna) of the ear | epiglottis

Question 36

fibrocartilage found:

Answer 36

intervertebral discs | less movable joints

Question 37

Matrix of bone:

Answer 37

organic compound osteoid | inorganic compound hydroxyapatite

Question 38

types of bone: (3)

Answer 38

woven spongy compact

Question 39

occurs during bone development and bone repair produced rapidly haphazard collagen foundation less structural integrity

Answer 39

woven bone

Question 40

aka: trabecular or cancellous bone | form trabeculae surrounding the bone marrow spaces in the long bones and flat bones

Answer 40

spongy bone

Question 41

aka lamellar bone bone layers called laminae layers may be flattened and parallel Haversian canal

Answer 41

compact bone