Flashcards in Lecture 2 (Embryology, cells, and Skin) Deck (47)
Loading flashcards...
1
Anatomy Types
Anatomy: "to cut apart"
Gross: body or organs with naked eye
Microscopic
Development: embryology
Pathological: Abnormalities
2
Major organ systems (11)
Organs are made of tissues which are made of cells
1. Integument
2. skeletal
3. articulations (joints)
4. muscular
5. circulatory
6. respiratory
7. digestive
8. urinary
9. nervous (sense organs)
10. endocrine
11. Reproudctive
3
Integument
Skin, hair, nails
4
Skeletal
Bones and cartilage
5
Circulatory
Heart, arteries, capillaries, veins
6
Respiratory
Nose, larynx, lungs
7
Digestive
Mouth, pharynx, intestines, glands of this system
8
Urinary
Kidney, bladder
9
Nervous system
Senses, taste and smell, perception,
sense organs (eye, ear, smell, taste, pain, temperature, and proprioception)
10
Endocrine
hormones
11
Reproductive
Male and female
12
Articulation
Joints and Ligaments
13
3 primary germ layers
1. Ectoderm
2. mesoderm
3. endoderm
14
Ectoderm
Outer most layer of skin
Cells divide very rapidly and make many functions
Brain and spinal column are also made from this (entire nervous system)
15
Mesoderm
Middle layer of skin
Muscles that attach to bones, the bones, the heart, blood vessels, kidney
16
Endoderm
Innermost layer
Respiratory system, digestive and it's gland
17
Cells
Some cells have no nucleus (Blood cells)
marrow, contain many nuclei
Nuclei can have diff shapes (help with ID)
18
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
Helps with neutralizing of poisons
19
Mitochondria
Production of ATP, Especially in cells that contract
20
Microvilli
Cilia that are really small
21
Flagella
The long tail of sperm
22
Pigment
Melanin: absence of pigment (Blue eyes = see the blood vessels)
23
Tumors
Cluster of cells that grow rapidly (abnormal)
24
Benign
grows slowly, not dangerous, maybe a little painful (very common)
25
Malignant
May break off the tumor and travel (metastasis)
26
Integument (Skin) system
Largest organ, heaviest (7% of body weight)
Protects against: UV, environment, bacteria
Regulates body temperature
27
Exretion
Sweat out the excess salt or alcohol
Glands in the female breast are modified sweat glands (Breast milk = modified sweat)
28
Vitamin D
Sun exposure = metabolism, growth of bones, in children
29
Thin skin
Hair, most of the body is covered
30
