lecture 2: skull bones Flashcards
1
Q
how many bones are there in the skelteton
A
206
2
Q
what is the two catergory of bones
A
1) axial (skull, vertebrae columb, thoracif cage)
2) appendicular (UP,LE, pelvic girdle)
3
Q
how many bpnes are there in the skull
A
22 bones
4
Q
how many creanial bones are there
A
8
5
Q
how many facial bones are there
A
14
6
Q
what are the main 4 sutures
A
sagitallal, coronal, lambdoidal, squamosal
7
Q
what are teh 4 types of sinuese
A
frontal
ethmod
sphenoid
maxillary
8
Q
fgrwhat are the 3 fossa of the skull
A
cranial
nasal
orbital
9
Q
the creanial fossa houses the/…
A
brain
10
Q
true or false: all bones of the skull are njoined by sutures
A
false, most bones except mandible
11
Q
what is the purpose of the cranium (2)
A
enclossi and protects the brain
prodives an attachement for muscles of the scal lower jaw, neck and back
12
Q
what are the 8 bones of the cranium
A
frontal parietal (2) occipital temportal (2) sphenoid ethmoid
13
Q
how many frontal boens are there
A
1
14
Q
how many temporal bones are there
A
2
15
Q
how many partietal bones are here
A
2
16
Q
the frotnal bone forms the BLANK part of the slull
A
anterior part
17
Q
what bone makes up the superior part of the orbit
A
frontal bone
18
Q
true or falseL the frotnal sinusus are deep to the frontal lobe
A
true
19
Q
true or false: in the frontal bone, there is a suture
A
false, they are completely fused (o eveidence of a suture)
20
Q
why is there a supraorbital notch
A
for passaive of nerve and vessel
21
Q
be able to identify the features of the frontal bonnes
A
supraorbital margin
supraorbital notch/formanen
frontal sinus
22
Q
what is the funcntion of sinuese (2)
A
1) found where areas are thick, to loghten tthe skull
2) helps give the voice its individual tone (resignated chambers(
23
Q
which bonnes form the “wall”
A
paritetal bones
24
Q
the parietal bones form the BLANK aspect of the cramium
A
lateral
25
where do the [arietal bones joinn
join on top of the skull (sag suture)
26
what suture joins the two parital bones
sagital
27
what suture joints the frontal anf parital bones
coronal suture
28
what suture joins the parietal bones to the occipital bone
lambdoidal siture
29
be able to label the sutures
.
30
the BLANK bone forms the posterior wall and floor of cranium
the occipital bone
31
the foramen magnum is a feature of what bone
occipital bone
32
where does the brain stem excit the skull and become the spinal cord
foramen magnum
33
what do the occipittal condyles areticualte with
c1
34
where is the hypoglossal canal and what does it hold
located in in occipical condyls and holds the hypoglossal nerve
35
you find the superior and inferior nucal lines on what bone
occipital
36
the superior nuchal lines connect to the BLANK
external occipital protuberance
37
be able to label and find the features of the occipital bone
```
external occipital protuberance
inferior nuchal lines
superior nuchal line
foramen magnum
hypoglossal canal
occipital condyles
```
38
what is the formal name for "soft spots of the skull"
fontanells
39
ehat are fontanelles
soft sports that are made of fibrous tissue that allows brain brain expansion (brain devs faster than skull grows)
40
the temporal bones are below or above parital bones
below
41
where does the temporant bones unite with the parietal bones
squamosal suture
42
what is the name of the ear"hole"
external acoustic meatus
43
what is the function of the mandiublar fossa
holds the mandible
| forms the TMJ joint
44
be able to locate the features of the temporan=l bones
```
mastoid process
syloid process
stylomastoid foramen
zygomatic process
external accoustic meatus
mandiublar fossa
petrous poriton
internal acousttic meatus
carotid canal
```
45
what is the fucntiton of the petrous portion of the temporal bone
seperates middle creanial fossa from posterior cranial fossa
| protects "ear" stuff
46
what bone is the butterfly shapped bone located centrally
sphenoid
47
what bone forms the lower lateral wall of the cranium
sphneoid
48
true or false: the snepoid bone forms part of the floor of cranium and posterior wall of the orbit
true
49
organize these from anterior to posterior
| forament, ovale, rotendium, spinosa
rotumdum, ovale, spinose
50
what is held within the sell turcica
pituitary gland
51
what does sella turcica mean
turkish saddle
52
are the sphenoid sinuese inferior or superior to sell trucica
inferior
53
where are the pteryogoid processes found
behind the last set of teeth
54
be able to locate and name the features of the sphenoid bone
```
greater wings
lesser wings
sella turcica
optic foramen
superior orbital fissure
foramen rotumndun, ovale, spinosum,
spenoid sinus
phtetygoid process
```
55
what nerve does the hypoglssal canal hold
hypoglossal nerve (CXII)
56
what nerve does the optic foramen hold
CII
57
what nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure
CIII,CIV,CVi
Ophthalmia
CVI
58
what nerve goes through foremaent rotengium
CV2 (maxillary)
59
what nerve goes through foramen oval
CV3 mandibular
60
what nerve passes through stylomastoid foramen
CVII
61
what nerves pass through internal acoustic meastures
CVII
| CVIII
62
true or false: the ethmoid bone is deep to the orbital cavity
false
| nasal cavity
63
the cribiform platte is associated to what bone
ethmoid
64
what is the cribifrom plate
plate that holds olfactory foramina
65
what is the fucntion of the crista galli
goes through frontal lobe and the dural membranes can attach here
66
what makes part of the septum
perpendiular plate (and vomer)
67
be able to label featutres of ethmoid
```
crista galli
cribiform plate
olfavttory foramina
latteral masses (holds ethmiid sinues)
perpndular plate
middle anf superior nasal concahe and meatus
```
68
what nerve passes near cribiform plate
C1
69
how many of the facial bones are immovable
13
70
what is the moveable bone of the facial bones
lower jaw (mandibular)
71
what is the function of the facial bones
provide msucle attachmentt for msucels that tcontol fascial ecpression and move the jaw
72
wha tbones form the upper jaw
maxillar bones
73
the maxillary bones help form what
help form floor of orbit, roof of mouth, walls and floor of nasal cavity
74
true or false; thers no sinuese in tthe maxillary bones
false tthere are
75
what si the fucntion of the alveolar process
holds root of the teeth
76
where does the palatine process atttach to
palattine bone
77
be able to locatet and identify features of maxillar
```
alveolar processes
palatine process
macillar sinuses
incisive foramen
infraorbital foramen
```
78
which bone is L shaped
palatine bone
79
whoch bone is psoterior to maxillar bone
palatine bone
80
the horizontal plates of the palatine form what
psoterior roof of the mouth and floor of nasal cavity
81
the vertical plates of the palatine bone form what
help form lateral wall of the nasal cavitty
82
which bones from part of cheekbone/orbit
zygomatic bones
83
where does the temporal process extend to
extends to temporal bone to form xygomattic arch
84
what are the components of the zygomatic arch
1) temporal process (zygomatic bone)
| 2) zygomatic process(temporal bone)
85
which bone is small and rectangular
nasal bone
86
where do the nasal bones join and what do they form
join at the midline to form the bridge of nose between orbitst
87
true or false, the entire nose is made from nasal bones
false, most of nose is made from cartilage plates
88
where are the lacrimal bones located
posterior and latteral to nasal and maxillary bones
89
what bone forms the medial portion of orbits wall
lacrimal bones
90
where is the vomer locaetd
locatted along mudline wihton nasal cavity
91
whatt does the vomer form
part of the nasal septum
92
where do they inferior nasal conchae attach
to the latteral wall of nasal cavity
93
what forms 3 shelves in the nasal cavity throug hqhich air is channels
super middle and inferior nasal conchae
94
what is tthe fucntion of the sup middle and inf conchae
helps warm arm (by turbulence)
| helps clean aricoming in (from mucous along concha)
95
what is the only moveable bone of the skull
mandible
96
where does the condylar process of the mandible articulate
with the tempolar bone at the mandibular fossa
97
be able to label and lcoate the features of the mandible
```
ramus
conduylar process
coronoid porocess
mandibular notch
mandibular foramen
mandibular angle
alvealolar process
mental foramen
mental protub.
```
98
what is the common name for chin
mental protuberance
99
which bone is considered a unique part of the axial skeleton
hyphoid
100
true ro false: the hyphoid bone arrticultes with many bones of the still
false, does not articulate with another other bone
101
where is the lcoation of the hyoid bone
below mandible above larynx
102
where is the hyoid bone suspended from
suspended from styloid process (on temporal bone) by muscles and ligaments
103
what is the fucntion of the hyoid bone
supports tongue and provides attachement for some of its muscles
104
Are the sphenoid sinus inferior or superior to the sella turcica?
Inferior
