Lecture 21 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the name of the final stage? Stage 3?
It is cellular respiration that consists of the electron transport chain and ox-phos
What happens during cellular respiration?
The reduced electron carriers, NADH and FADH2, are re-oxidized in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion by passing electrons through a series of five multiprotein enzyme complexes (Complex 1 – V)
What is the final step in the cellular respiration?
The reduction of O2 to water.
How many ATP and NADH is produced in stage 1?
2,2
How many ATP and NADH, FADH2, and CO2 is produced in stage 2?
2,8,2,6
How much ATP is produced in stage 3?
36-38 ATP
Where does oxidation and phosphorylation take place?
Oxidation is IV and phosphorylation is V.
What is the process of ox-phos?
It is the process where ATP is formed as a result of transfer of electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2 by a series of electron carriers
What is the function of NADH and FADH2?
It is used to reduce O2 to H2O and creates a proton gradient to power ADP to ATP.
What makes up the mitochondrion?
- the outer membrane
- intermembrane
- inner membrane
- matrix
What is true about the inner membrane?
It is highly folded in cristae and is correlated to the respiratory activity of the cell
What is true about the outer membrane? What about the inner?
It is permeable to small molecules and ions. The inner is impermeable and allows certain molecules.
Where is NADH and FADH2 synthesized?
In the inner membrane
What is the function of NADH and FADH2? Where do they come from?
They come in as 8 electrons mainly from the CAC and they are reduced from O2 to form water.
What is true about the E naught?
It increases over time as the electrons move down the chain because the more +, the more it accepts. Redox increases
What is the chain electrons are transported in? What is the order?
NADH->Q->cytochrome C->O2
What are prosthetic groups?
Groups attached to the enzyme but are not a part of it
What is the prosthetic group in complex 1?
FMN and Fe-S
What is the prosthetic group in complex II?
FAD and Fe-S
What is the prosthetic group in complex III?
Heme bH, heme bL, heme c1, Fe-S
What is the prosthetic group for complex IV?
heme a, heme 3, and Cu A and Cu B
What is the first step of the electron transport chain?
The intro to NADH from the CAC. Here the 2 electrons of NADH are donated to FMN(acceptor) and then transferred to Fe-S and then reaches Q. Q then accepts electrons and 2 protons and reduces to QH2. After it leaves, it pumps 4 protons. This is catalyzed by NADH-Q oxidoreductase. After it is done, it heads to complex III.
What happens to NADH during step 1?
NADH goes back and forth picking up and dropping off electrons.
What happens to FMN during the first step?
It picks up 2 electrons and 2 protons and becomes reduced to FMNH2. It then transfers to the Fe-S
