Lecture 28 In Class Flashcards
Posterior thigh, popliteal fossa. knee joint (31 cards)
What is another name for fibular?
Peroneal.
What are the muscles of hte posterior compartment of the knee?
What are their actions?
-
Hamstring Muscles
- semitendinosus
- Semimembranosus
- Biceps femoris
- Adductor Magnus
extensors of the hip, flexors of the knee
all originate on ischial tuberosity!!!
What are the roots for sciatic nerve?
What does it do?
- L4-S3
- Innervate muscles of poterior thigh
- Tibial part (most of them)
- semitendinosus
- semimenrbanosus
- lg head of biceps femoris
- hamstring part of add magnus
Semitendinosus (has a true tendon)
- ischial tuberosity–> medial tibia (with gracilis and sartoris)
- tibial sciatic (L4-S3)
- extend hip and flex knee
hamstring muscle
Posterior thigh muscle
What is the muscle to the left of the line?
Semimembranosus (looks like a tendon)
- ischial tuberosity –> medial tenondon condyl fibers refelct back up to fossa and become oblique tendon
- tibial part of sciatic (L4-S3)
- extend hip, flex knee
hamstring muscle
Posterior thigh muscle
Biceps Femoris Long Head
- ischial tuberosity–> head of fibula
- tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
- extend hip, flex knee
Hamstring muscle
poterior thigh muscle
What muscle is this?
- What is its orgin and insertion?
- What is its innervation
- What is its actions?
Biceps Short head
- lateral lip of linea aspera–> ******head of fibula********
- common fibular part of scatitc (L4-S2)
- flex knee
- only one that does not extend the hip
Hamstring muscle
posterior thigh muscle
What muscle is this?
- What is is Orgin/ insertion?
- What is its innervation
- What is its actions?
Adductor magnus (hamstring head)
- ischial tuberosity–>adductor tuberical of femor
- tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
- extend the hip
Most of the floor of the posterior thigh
Hamstring muscle
posterior compartment of the thigh
What is pes anserinus?
What is another name for it?
- conjointed tendon of:
- sartorius m
- Gracilis
- semitendinosus
- anteromedial tibial
what are the attachments for these places
- addcutor tubericle: adductor magnus hamstring part
on medial side from top to bottom,
gracilis
semitendenosis
sartouris
What is the blood supply of the posterior thigh?
What are the boundreis of the popliteal fossa?
Where is it located?
-
Sup-med:
- semimembranosus
- semitendiosus
- Sup-lat
3.biceps femoris
-
Inf-med
4. medial head of gastrocnemius -
Inf-lat
5. lat head of gastrocnemius
6. plantaris
POSTERIOR FEMUR
-
Roof
-
popliteal fascia
- poterior femoral cutaneus
- medial and lateral sural nn.
- (f/ tibial {medial}
- common fibular nerve {lateral nerve}
- small saphenosus v –> popliteal v
-
popliteal fascia
-
Floor
- femur
- oblique popliteal lig f/ semitenenosis
- stabalize the knee
- popliteus
What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?
- tibial nerve (L4-S3)
- medial sural nerve
- popliteal vein
- small saphenous vein
- popliteal artery
- genicular anastomosis
- Common fibular nerve (L4-S2)
- lateral sural nerve
- What type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint?
- Articulations
- What does stibility depend on?
- modified hinge joint
- lateral/medial femoral condyly–> lateral/medial tibial plateau
- ligaments and surround muscles and tendons
Genu varum vrs. Genu Valgum
Genu Varum
- small Q angle bowleg
Genu Valgum
- Large Q angle Knock-Knee
- can increase potential for patellofemoral syndrome
Q angle: perpindicular line of gravity and asis line
What are the movements of the knee and what does it?
-
Extension
- Quadriceps femoris
- rectus femoris
- vastus medialis
- vastus lateralis
- vastus inermedeus
- Quadriceps femoris
-
Flexion
-
Hamstring
- semimembronosus
- semitendenosis
- Biceps femoris (both heads)
- Grastrocnemius
- Popliteus
- Gracilis
- Sartouris
-
Hamstring
Knee Flexion (as in the contacting surfaces)
Round surfaces on the femoral condyles
knee extension as related to surfaces
flas surfaces of femoral condyle with tibial plataue
Locking and unlocking of the knee
-
Locking the knee
- during **extension **passive locking with slight medial rotation femur on tibia (screw home mechinisum)
-
Unlocking the knee
-
tibia is already exteneded a slight **lateral **rotation on it will initiate **flextion. **
- flexion is inniciated by popliteus
-
tibia is already exteneded a slight **lateral **rotation on it will initiate **flextion. **
Bursa of the knee
-
Suprapatellar bursa
- extension of synovial capsual
- fibers from vastus medialsis
- apex attached articular genus m
-
Prepatellar bursa
- b/t pellar and skin
- kneeling down
- Housemaid’s knee
-
subcutaneous and deep infrapatellar bursae
- protect pellar ligametn from anterior petellar ligament
What are baker’s cyst?
What is another name for it?
- When the synovial capsual will go back into posterior fosa and synovial fluid will go it
- due to knee problems, cartligde prest
Extracapsular Knee ligaments
Can see without going into knee joint
-
olique popliteal ligament
- posterior
- extension of semimembronosus
-
arcutare popliteal ligament
- over popliteus muscle
-
patellar ligament
- attach to —
-
lateral collateral ligament
- prevents varus (outward) deformity
- seperated f/ miniscus by popliteal
-
medial collateral ligament
- prevents valgus (inward) deformity
Intracapsular knee ligaments
-
Anterior cruciate lig
- anterior tibieal–> lateral condyle of femur
- prevent hyperextension
- prevents anterior displacement of fixed tibia
-
Posterior cruciate ligament
- prevents posterior displacemetn of fixed tibia
- prevents hyper flexion of knee
- posterior tibial–> medial condyle of femur
What is Drawers Sign and how do you test for it?
What does it test for?
-
Anterior Draw test
- free tibial slides anteriorly on fixed femurs
- anterior cruciate ligaments damage tested
-
Posterior Draw test
- free tibial slides posteriorly under fixed femus
- posterior cricuate ligaments
