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KNPE 331 > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are non-urgent conditions

A

-sprains
-strains
-simple fractures
-contusions
-abrasions/minor lacerations

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2
Q

What is the acronym for on-field assessments

A

-HOPS

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3
Q

What does H stand for in HOPS

A

-history
-“what happened”

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4
Q

What does O stand for in HOPS

A

-observations
-“what do you see”

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5
Q

What does P stand for in HOPS

A

-palpation
-“what do you feel, where is the pain”

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6
Q

What does S stand for in HOPS

A

-special test

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7
Q

Acronyms for history taking

A

-SAMPLE
-PQRST

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8
Q

SAMPLE

A

-signs and symptoms
-allergies
-medications
-past medical history
-last oral intake
-events leading up to injury

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9
Q

PQRST

A

-provoke
-quality
-region/radiate
-severity
-time

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10
Q

When do use PQRST

A

-for pain

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11
Q

Questions to ask about symptoms (SAMPLE)

A

-what happened
-where does it hurt
-did you hear or feel anything
-etc

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12
Q

Question to ask about provoke (PQRST)

A

-what makes it worse

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13
Q

Question to ask about quality (PQRST)

A

-sharp
-dull
-achy
-burning

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14
Q

Question to ask about radiate (PQRST)

A

-does it shoot anywhere

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15
Q

Question to ask about severity (PQRST)

A

-out of 10

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16
Q

Question to ask about time (PQRST)

A

-when did the pain start
-intermittent?

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17
Q

Questions to ask about allergies (SAMPLE)

A

-do you have any allergies
-do you carry epi-pen, where is it

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18
Q

Questions to ask about medications (SAMPLE)

A

-are you on any medications
-what are they
-what are they for
-were they prescribed
-could they be dampening symptoms

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19
Q

Questions to ask about past medical history (SAMPLE)

A

-do you have any medical conditions
-have you been feeling sick lately
-do you have any previous injuries
-have you hurt this area before

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20
Q

Questions to ask about last oral intake (SAMPLE)

A

-low blood sugar
-dehydrated
-what did they last have to eat and drink

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21
Q

Questions to ask about events leading up to injury (SAMPLE)

A

-what happened
-did they collide with someone
-piece together what happened
-looking for MOI to indicate possibilities of injury

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22
Q

Questions to ask about observations (HOPS)

A

-what do you see
-what is around the athlete
-what position are they in
-check injury site for bruising, swelling, deformity, bleeding etc

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23
Q

Questions to ask about palpations (HOPS)

A

-have athlete show location
-check distal circulation (use cap refill)
-is location warm vs other side
-do you feel a divot or deformity vs other side
-check above and below injury to make sure not missing anything

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24
Q

When to make an index of suspicion

A

-after completing HOP

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25
What should you include in index of suspicion
-what structure do you suspect is injured (muscle, ligament, bone, etc.)
26
What is a special test
-what test can you do to confirm the suspected injury
27
Special test for muscle/tendon
-have the tissue contract
28
Special test for ligament
-test to open the joint it stabilizes
29
Special test for bone
-fracture testing
30
Kendall's resisted muscle testing scale
-0-5
31
Kendall's resisted testing 0
-no visible or palpable contraction
32
Kendall's resisted testing 1
-visible or palpable contraction without motion
33
Kendall's resisted testing 2
-full range of motion, gravity eliminated
34
Kendall's resisted testing 3
-full range of motion against gravity
35
Kendall's resisted testing 4
-full range of motion against gravity, moderate resistance
35
Kendall's resisted testing 5
-full range of motion against gravity, maximal resistance
36
What are you testing for in ligament testing
-testing for level of instability -need to know what motion the ligament should limit
37
What are the different fracture tests
-tap test -compression test -tuning fork
38
Tap testing
-gentle tap at a location on the bone away from suspected fracture site -vibration may cause pain at suspected fracture site
39
When to not do a fracture test
-if you see a deformity
40
Compression test
-compress the 2 ends of the bone together
41
Direct technique for compression test
-either end of the long bone
42
Indirect technique for compression test
-compress the bones around the small bone with suspected fracture
43
When to use indirect technique for compression test
-for carpals or tarsals
44
Tuning fork test
-band end off of shoe/hard surface -place the base of the tuning fork on bone with suspected fracture, away from fracture site -resulting vibration may cause pain at the suspected fracture site
45
What is the problem with the tuning fork test
-high proportion of false positives
46
What to do when a fracture test is inconclusive
-err on the side of caution and get x ray -prevent secondary complications
47
What to do during a sideline assessment
-rule out the joint above and below -full physiological ROM for joint -3 special tests to rule out/confirm -more extensive palpation
48
What is included in physiological ROM
-flexion -extension abduction -adduction -internal rotation -external rotation -dorsiflexion -plantarflexion -cross flexion -cross extension -pronation -supination -ulnar deviation -radial deviation
49
What are accessory movements also known as
-arthrokinematics
50
What are the accessory movements
-roll -glide -spin
51
Roll
-multiple points along one rotating articular surface contact multiple points on another articular surface
52
Glide
-a single point on one articular surface contacts multiple points on another articular surface
53
Spin
-a single point on one articular surface rotates on a single point on another articular surface
54
What type of range of motion to do on a sideline assessment
-active range of motion -can do overpressure at the end of range if full and pain free
55
What is the difference between HOPS palpations and sideline assessment palpations
-HOPS: localizing injured structure -sideline: more detailed palpations
56
What is an impression
-conclusion about the injury -cannot diagnose
57
What to document for an impression
-severity -structure -injury -assessment done -treatment provided -plan
58
What to include in plan
-RTP (return to play) decision -immediate care -educate -communicate -transport -referral
59
Who should communicate the RTP decision to the coach
-the therapist -not the athlete
60
Sideline management of a sprain
-ice and elevation -wrap to support, approximate tissues, provide compression -crutches for weight bearing
61
Sideline management of a strain
-ice and elevation -wrap for compression -pressure pad over strained tissues to approximate ends and provide compression -crutches for weight bearing
62
Sideline management of a contusion
-ice -donut pad with cover pad to protect from 2nd insult -wrap padding onto area with herringbone technique -no massage
63
Sideline management of non urgent fractures
-splint -need to splint joints above and below -monitor for shock -refer for imaging -ice based on condition and monitor
64
What are the different types of splints
-SAM splint -speed splint
65
Sideline management of abrasions
-clean wound -use non stick gauze and cover-roll (hypafix)
66
Sideline management of minor lacerations
-clean the wound -maybe steri strips -non stick gauze and cover-roll (hypafix)
67
Purpose of wrapping
-support and minimize swelling through compression
68
What to ask yourself before wrapping an athlete
-which structures/joint am I covering -any abrasions/blisters that need to be covered -any sensitivities -have athlete in comfortable position -cap refill
69
2 different wrapping techniques
-spiral -herringbone
70
Spiral wrapping technique
-overlap by half -equal distribution of pressure
71
Herringbone wrapping technique
-angle up and come around and angle down -x effect
72
When is herringbone wrapping technique used
-when more compression is needed

KNPE 331 (12 decks)

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