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Medical Psychology Semmelweis > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Stressor

A

Stimulus causing the stress reaction

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2
Q

Stress

A

Physiological state of the body triggered by stressor

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3
Q

Stress hormones

A

Epinephrine, cortisol and NE

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4
Q

Stress reactions

A 
BP increase 
HR increase
Muscle tension 
Alertness 
Blood glucose and fatty acids is increasing
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5
Q

Positive Stress

A 
Thinking Faster
Problem solving
creativity
increased attention 
Evolutionary purposes e.g. immunity to stress
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6
Q

HPA axis

A

You know it from physiology

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7
Q

Telomere shortening

A

shortens in correlation to chronic stress

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8
Q

Epigenetics

A

Changes expressivity based on available chromatin and not the DNA sequence

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9
Q

Holmes and Rahe life event scale

A

Important life events and score on a scale e.g. Death of spouse 100 while changing diet is 15

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10
Q

Main stressors in working population

A

Work 75% and finances 68% coworkers 48%

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11
Q

Burnout

A

Reaction to prolonged or chronic job stress leading to: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced performance

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12
Q

Stress behavioural risk factors

A

Diet, tobacco, alcohol, and physical inactivity

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13
Q

Stress, non modifiable risk factors

A

sex age and genes

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14
Q

End points of stress

A

Coronary heart disease, stroke, several cancer, and COPD

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15
Q

Socio-economic, cultural, and environmental conditions of stress:

A

Modernisation, mechanisation, urbanisation, and globalisation

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16
Q

Intermediate risk of stress

A

Hypertension, blood fat/lipids, obesity, diabetes, and glucose intolerance

17
Q

Transtheoretical model of the stages of change:

A

Contemplation –> preparation –> action –> maintenance –> relapse –> contemplation

18
Q

Dean Ornish: complex life style intervention:

A

Diet, stress management, physical activity, and support

19
Q

Coping:

A

conscious behaviour to maintain or restore the psychological and physical equilibrium

20
Q

William life skills:

A

awareness –> action skills (problem solving, saying no) or deflection skills (dealing with negative thoughts and emotions) –> relationship building (listening speaking up empathy and increasing positives)

21
Q

Identification of the stressors

A

What is the cause? what are my thoughts in relation to the cause? what are my feelings in relation to the cause? what do I do what is my behaviour?
what are the consequences?

22
Q

Evaluation decision taking

A

is it worth to act, can I change the situation to a positive way`?

23
Q

Cognitive component

A

Human ability (self stressing)

24
Q

Reframing

A

identify cognitive distortions and find alternative thoughts

25
Q

Manage negative thoughts

A 
thought stop
distraction 
meditation 
hour of worry 
reframing
26
Q

Assertive communication

A

Share thoughts, express needs, respect needs of other, and increase positives.

27
Q

multimodular intervention

A

find stressors, change perception or appraisal
Find external factors: relationships lifestyle physical and mental health
Internal factors: coping

28
Q

precontemplation

A

others identify the problem, reactance when pressured, lack of awareness and denial

29
Q

Contemplation

A

considering behavioural change, alternative solution, and ask for information.

30
Q

Preparation/determination

A

Change is required, commitment to goals

31
Q

Action

A

Follow through, ability to describe the plan in details, resist slips, and vulnerable to abandon effort impulsively

32
Q

Maintenance

A

accomplished change, some slips but resisted or loose grounds, develop lifestyle that precludes relapse

33
Q

Relapse

A

Return to problematic behaviour can cycle back to precontemplation or contemplation

34
Q

Motivational interviewing

A 
express empathy
avoid confrontation 
develop discrepancy 
roll with resistance
support self-efficacy

Medical Psychology Semmelweis (19 decks)

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