lecture 7 - experiencing imprisonment (adaptation)

Question 1

what is the sociology of imprisonment

Answer 1

importance and difficulty of ethnographic and qualitative research with people living and working in prisons

Question 2

what are we adapting to (sykes 1958 ; crewe 2011)

Answer 2

• traditional pains of imprisonment
• new burdens and frustrations for long term prisoners

Question 3

the 5 pains of imprisonment

Answer 3

1. liberty
2. material goods, services
3. hetero sex
4. autonomy
5. personal security

Question 4

what is pains of imprisonment (liberty)

Answer 4

• social isolation
• social rejection

Question 5

what are pains of imprisonment (material goods, services)?

Answer 5

-lack of choice and access to preferred service providers

Question 6

what are pains of imprisonment (heterosex)?quote

Answer 6

‘figuratively castrated by his involuntary celibacy’

Question 7

what are pains of imprisonment (autonomy)? quote
reduced to

Answer 7

• reduced to the ‘weak, helpless, dependent status of childhood’

Question 8

what are pains of imprisonment (personal security)?

Answer 8

-enforced proximity with others
-lack of privacy

Question 9

what is deep end custody?

Answer 9

oppressive PHYSICAL security
PSYCHOLOGICAL weight ‘bearing down’

Question 10

4 examples of deep end custody

Answer 10

• isolation from outside world
• distance from release
• subversive geraniums
• unchecked staff power

Question 11

prison example of deep end custody

Answer 11

HMP whitemoor

Question 12

3 new pains of imprisonment
DWT

Answer 12

• depth
  -weight
• tightness

Question 13

what are 3 attributes of new pains of imprisonment (tightness)?
sui

Answer 13

-soft power
-uncertainty
- indeterminacy

Question 14

what does cohen and taylor say about time in prison?

Answer 14

time as an open landscape rather than a set of pigeonholes

Question 15

we moved from omnipresent observation to…

Answer 15

self governance

Question 16

examples of uncertainty, indeterminacy, soft power?
what type of assessments
decisions at a distance are…
how is prison setting up to fail
greater what for friendly staff

Answer 16

-actuarial risk assessments
- decisions at a distance: impersonal, inflexible
- prison as hurdles, being set up to fail
- greater ambiguity of friendly staff

Question 17

4 models of adaptation
IIIU

Answer 17

1. indigenous (deprivation)
2. importation (sub-cultural)
3. integration model
4. u-curve of adaptation

Question 18

what is the indigenous (deprivation) model of adaptation?

Answer 18

• culture determined by and responds to, inherent pains and deprivations
• role stripping
• civil death
• prisonization and criminalistic ideology

Question 19

what is the importation (subcultural) models of adaptation?

Answer 19

• culture maintains external behaviour and individual characterisitcs
• multiple fluid subcultures
• criminal ethnic gangs
• homecoming ceremonies

Question 20

3 multiple fluid subcultures

Answer 20

thief - professional, loyal
convict - individualistic
legitimate - conformist

Question 21

what is the integration model of adaptation?

Answer 21

• culture reflects inter-dependent (indigenous) and interactive (imported) effects

Question 22

examples of integration model of adaptation
what versions of prison social life+ outside culture?.
what happens to pre prison behaviour?
why are there groups of shared interests?

Answer 22

• distorted and adapted versions of prison social life and outside culture
• continuation of negative or positive pre-prison behaviour
• groups of shared interests for self-protection or criminal gangs and business alliances

Question 23

what is the u-curve of adaptation? tide quote

Answer 23

• from kick off to prisonisation to thoughts of release
• swimming WITH rather than against the tide

Question 24

what is the inmate code
governs…
hierarchy..
prisoner…

Answer 24

• governs social relations as an ideal rather than a description
• hierarchy of offending or characteristics
• prisoner solidarity ‘them and us’
  -no grassing, theft, or exploitation of fellow cons
• self sufficency

Question 25

criticisms of inmate code (governs social relations as an ideal rather than description)

Answer 25

• influence of gender, race, religion, age, locality
• divide and rule through the IEP

Question 26

who is at the top of the prison hierarchy

Answer 26

gangsters
businessmen

Question 27

who is in the middle of the prison hierarchy?

Answer 27

-lads
- foot soldiers
- firm hoppers
- users
- fraggles

Question 28

who is at the bottom of the prison hierarchy

Answer 28

-nonces
- transgender people

Question 29

3 criticisms of prisoner solidairty

Answer 29

• interdependency of staff and prisoners for safety
  -influence of cross-posting
• distinctions between officers

Question 30

criticism of no theft from or exploitation of fellow cons

Answer 30

• drugs
• double bubble

Question 31

hypermasculinity is situated as

Answer 31

secondary proof of manhood