Lecture 7 : Intro Into Managing Training Effects - Periodisation Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is periodisation the planning of
Strategic planning of performance peaks
in periodisation we build an adaptation to
build another one
explain how intensity, volume and sport specificity change as you get closer to competition in periodisation
- intensity increases
- sport specificity increases
- volume decreases
periodisation is structured into what cycles
macro, meso and microcycles
what is general adaptation syndrome
a 3 stage model that describes the body’s physiological response to stress
what are the three stages to general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
- alarm
- resistance
- exhaustion
what is the alarm stage in general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
- initial reaction to a stressor
- fight or flight response
what is the resistance stage in general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
if the stressor persists the body’s response systems maintain activation, with levels of stress related hormones and bodily arousal remaining high
the body enters this stage to adapt to the stressor
what is the exhausation stage in general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
long periods of stress (chronic stress) eventually exhausts the body’s defence system
this is the stage stress related illnesses develop
overtraining can occur if stress is maintained without proper recovery, however if the athlete recovers adequately after a period of stress what can happen to performance
performance can rebound and increase beyond training levels
following the resistance phase of the body can enter the exhaustion / over training phase or it can enter another one what is this (stimulus fatigue recovery adaptation - similar to GAS)
super-compensation phase : new level of performance capacity that occurs in response to the adaptive response from the resistance phase
explain the supercompensation theory
the accumulation of fatigue from the sequential execution of similar training sessions, usually with a progressive increase in volume, is superimposed on one another
how can supercompensation be positive and negative
positive : if there is enough recovery so the athlete increases performance from the stressor and can continue to build on that
negative : if the athlete does not recover enough and performance is not increased so they are adding stress to their body + getting worse
what is the key aspects of the stimulus in order to get super compensation positive (2)
frequency and timing of the stimulus
what is stimulus fatigue recovery adaptation and what is this similar to
similar to GAS
with exercise we break down muscle, in recovery our body rebuilds this hopefully with adaptation - meaning there has been an increase prior to training
what is the problem with the supercompensation theory (4) (good luck #shit flashcard)
- difficult to prove a specific training stimulus consistently targets the desired substrates
- proposes the link between cause and effect is the same regardless of the strength of stimulus
- body’s structural and metabolic responses to training stressor can vary depending on type and strength of stimulus
- different substrates require unequal amounts of time for restoration
what does the problems with the supercompensation theory make it difficult to decide
difficult to decide on the rest period between consecutive training sessions
what are the acute changes to training
changes in sympathetic nervous and cardiovascular system
substrates and enzymes mobilize
what are the immediate responses responses to training and what is the duration of this
changes in response to a single training session
direct physiological response to a training session
hours
what are the cumulative responses to training and whats the duration
physiological adaptations that occur over several training sessions
days, months, years
what is the type of relationship between fitness and fatigue (fitness fatigue theory)
inverse relationship
(fitness fatigue theory) it is thought that when we introduce a training stressor… what happens to fitness adaptations and the accumulation of fatigue
fitness adaptations and the accumulation of fatigue occur simultaneously
(fitness fatigue theory) it is not until the stressor is withdrawn that what happens
that fatigue dissipates and preparedness is increased
according to the fitness fatigue theory : every training bout creates both ….. and ……., which summate to create …
every training bout creates both fitness and fatigue, which summate to create preparedness
