Lecture 8

Question 1

What concentration does passive transport move to?

Answer 1

an area of high concentration to low concentration

Question 2

What’s the name of the channel proteins?

Answer 2

aquaporins

Question 3

What sugar acts as a carrier protein?

Answer 3

glucose

Question 4

What concentration does active transport move to?

Answer 4

area of low-concentration to high-concentration; against the concentration gradient

Question 5

What transport moves against the concentration gradient?

Answer 5

active transport

Question 6

What does a sodium potassium pump do?

Answer 6

uses ATP hydrolysis to move ions against the concentration gradient

Question 7

What is co-transport?

Answer 7

coupled transport by a membrane protein

Question 8

When does co-transport happen?

Answer 8

when transport of one substance indirectly drives transport of other substances

Question 9

What do plants use to drive transport of nutrients into the cell against nutrients concentration gradient?

Answer 9

The gradient of hydrogen ions

Question 10

What does a protein pump do

Answer 10

actively transports H+ ions from inside the cell

Question 11

What is an electrogenic pump?

Answer 11

a transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane

Question 12

What is membrane potential?

Answer 12

the voltage difference across a membrane

Question 13

How is voltage created?

Answer 13

by differences in the distribution of positive and negative ions across a membrane

Question 14

Where are proton pumps located?

Answer 14

plant/animal, fungi and bacteria

Question 15

Where are sodium potassium pumps located?

Answer 15

animal cells

Question 16

What are types of membrane proteins?

Answer 16

Single-pass transmembrane proteins, Multi-pass transmembrane proteins, peripheral membrane protein, lipid-anchored protein

Question 17

What is the function of membrane proteins?

Answer 17

Cell-Cell recognition

Question 18

What is exocytosis?

Answer 18

Process involving secretion of small and large molecules

Question 19

What is endocytosis?

Answer 19

Process of internalizing (bringing inside) small and large molecules

Question 20

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 20

cellular eating- bulk

Question 21

What is pinocytosis?

Answer 21

cellular drinking- bulk

Question 22

What is a phagosome?

Answer 22

a food vacuole

Question 23

What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Answer 23

form of endocytosis in which receptor proteins on the cell surface are used to capture a specific target molecule.

Question 24

What are the 3 types of endocytosis?

Answer 24

phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 25

What is signal transduction?

Answer 25

a biochemical message from outside of the cells gets transmitted inside the cells

Question 26

What is the process of signal transduction?

Answer 26

-The signaling molecule binds to the outside of the transmembrane protein. -The transmembrane proteins changes shape on the outside which cases a shape change on the inside part of the protein. -That change activates new signaling molecules inside the cell.

Question 27

What are examples of signal transduction?

Answer 27

taste and smell, insulin response, cell growth and division, cell death/apoptosis

Question 28

What is apoptosis?

Answer 28

cell death

Question 29

Who was the first trans member of the American association for the advancement of science?

Answer 29

ben barres