Lecture 9- Antibodies and Soluble Antigen Receptors

Question 1

What is the role of membrane-bound antibodies?

Answer 1

Act as receptors on the surface of B cells to trigger differentiation into Plasma cells

Question 2

What is the function of secreted antibodies?

Answer 2

Neutralize microbes and toxins

Question 3

Three functions of antibodies

Answer 3

Block antigen binding, inhibit spread of infection, and inhibit toxins

Question 4

Which tube is used to collect antibodies?

Answer 4

Red top

Question 5

What is the Fab portion of an antibody?

Answer 5

Fragment-antibody binding (antigen binding site)

Question 6

What is the Fc prortion of an antibody

Answer 6

Fragment crystallizable (Complement activation and binds to cell surface receptors)

Question 7

What region is found on an antibody between the Fc and Fab regions?

Answer 7

Hinge region

Question 8

What are the two types of light chain?

Answer 8

Kappa or lambda

Question 9

Are heavy chains or light chains more important?

Answer 9

Heavy chains

Question 10

5 different types of heavy chains

Answer 10

α, γ, δ, ε, and µ

Question 11

What do the different types of heavy chain determine?

Answer 11

isotypes/immunoglobulin class

Question 12

What immunoglobulin is found in the highest serum concentration?

Answer 12

IgG

Question 13

What are characteristics of IgG

Answer 13

Strong secondary immune response
Cross placenta
Activates classical pathway

Question 14

Which immunoglobulin looks like a classic Ig?

Answer 14

IgG, IgD, and IgE

Question 15

Which immunoglobulin binds to multiple antibodies to form a large ring?

Answer 15

IgM

Question 16

Which immunoglobulin is found in the second highest serum concentration?

Answer 16

IgM

Question 17

What are the characteristics of IgM

Answer 17

Primary immune response
Agglutination and complement fixation
Too large to enter tissues

Question 18

Which immunoglobulin is made of two subunits attached by a J chain

Answer 18

IgA

Question 19

Which immunoglobulin primarily protects mucosal surfaces?

Answer 19

IgA

Question 20

Does IgA activate the classical pathway?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

Which immunoglobulin is found in the serum in small amounts and is associated with worms and allergies?

Answer 21

IgE

Question 22

Which receptors is IgE known for binding to?

Answer 22

FceR1 on mast cells and basophils

Question 23

How do allergens stimulate the production of histamines?

Answer 23

By crosslinking IgE and mast cells

Question 24

Why are allergic responses stronger on the second exposure?

Answer 24

IgE is produced AFTER the first exposure

Question 25

Which immunoglobulin primarily remains attached to B cells, not circulating in the blood?

Answer 25

IgD

Question 26

Which cells does IgD bind to?

Answer 26

Basophils

Question 27

Affinity vs Avidity

Answer 27

Affinity is the strength of binding between an antigen and epitope Avidity is the overall strength of attachment

Question 28

What differentiates Ig subclasses?

Answer 28

Hinge region

Question 29

What is different between allotypes?

Answer 29

Heavy chain

Question 30

What is different between idiotypes?

Answer 30

Antigen binding sites

Question 31

What are bovine Igs known for?

Answer 31

long variable domain, ball and stalk structure

Question 32

What are camelid Igs known for?

Answer 32

Sometimes they do not have a light chain, long hinge region

Question 33

How many molecules are required for IgG activation of the classical pathway?

Answer 33

Two

Question 34

Which IL is IgD responsible for producing with basophils?

Answer 34

IL-1 and IL-4