Lesson 21, 22, and 23 Vocab Terms Flashcards
(22 cards)
Compromise of 1850
the agreements made in order to admit California into the Union as a state without slavery. These agreements included allowing the New Mexico and Utah territories to decide whether to allow slavery, outlawing the trade of enslaved people in Washington, D.C., and creating a stronger law targeting fugitives from slavery.
Dred Scott decision
a Supreme Court decision in 1857 that held that African Americans could never be citizens of the United States and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
faction
a group of people within a larger group who have different ideas from the main group
fugitive
a person who flees or tries to escape (for example, from slavery)
Kansas-Nebraska Act
an act passed in 1854 that created the Kansas and Nebraska territories and abolished the Missouri Compromise by allowing settlers to determine whether slavery would be allowed in the new territories
Lincoln-Douglas debates
a series of political debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas, who were candidates in the Illinois race for U.S. senator, in which slavery was the main issue
Missouri Compromise
an agreement made by Congress in 1820 under which Missouri was admitted to the Union as a state with slavery and Maine was admitted as a state without slavery
Union
the United States as one nation united under a single government. During the Civil War, “the Union” came to mean the government and armies of the North.
Wilmot Proviso
a proposal made in 1846 to prohibit slavery in the territory added to the United States as a result of the Mexican-American War
Appomattox Court House
a village in Virginia that was the site of the Confederate surrender to Union forces under the command of General Ulysses S. Grant
civil war
a war between opposing groups of citizens from the same country
Confederacy
another name for the Confederate States of America, made up of the 11 states that seceded from the Union
Emancipation Proclamation
an order issued by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863, declaring people enslaved in the Confederate states to be free
Gettysburg Address
a speech by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863 at the site of the Battle of Gettysburg in memory of the Union soldiers who had died trying to protect the ideals of freedom upon which the nation was founded
habeas corpus
the right of an accused person to appear in court so a judge can determine whether he or she is being imprisoned lawfully
black codes
laws passed in 1865 and 1866 in the former Confederate states to limit the rights and freedoms of African Americans
civil rights
the rights guaranteed by the Constitution to all people, especially equal treatment under the law
Fifteenth Amendment
a change to the Constitution, ratified in 1870, declaring that states cannot deny anyone the right to vote because of race or color or because the person was once enslaved
Fourteenth Amendment
a change to the Constitution, ratified in 1868, granting citizenship to anyone born in the United States and guaranteeing all individuals equal protection of the law
Freedmen’s Bureau
an agency established by Congress at the end of the Civil War to help and protect newly freed black Americans
Jim Crow laws
laws enforcing segregation of black people and white people in the South after the Civil War
Thirteenth Amendment
a change to the Constitution, ratified in 1865, abolishing slavery in the United States
