Lesson 23 Detailed Flashcards
(26 cards)
What was the time period called, after the Civil War?
Reconstruction Era
Who was president during the Reconstruction Era?
Andrew Johnson, a Southerner from Tennessee
What two major aims did Reconstruction had?
- Southern states had to create new governments that were loyal to the Union and that respected federal authority.
- Slavery had to be abolished once and for all.
What did many Republicans in Congress think Reconstruction should accomplish?
A complete remaking of the South based on equal rights and a free-labor economy.
What key principle did Republicans want to base Reconstruction on?
Equal rights for all citizens.
What kind of economy did Republicans want to build in the postwar South?
A free-labor economy, not based on slavery.
What did Reconstruction mean to many Republicans in Congress?
A chance to reshape Southern society and government to ensure freedom and equality.
What was set up as a result of the Republicans’ strong views on Reconstruction?
A battle over the control and meaning of Reconstruction.
What did a former confederate state have to do to join the nation?
- Write a new state constitution
- Elected a new state government
- Repealed acts of sucession
- Canceled all war debts
- Ratify the thirteenth amendment (abolished slavery)
The Freedmen’s Bureau
An agency established by Congress at the end of the Civil War to help and protect newly freed black Americans
Over next four years from 1865, what did the Bureau provide?
Provided food and medical care, helped freed people get fair wages and work conditions, and gave some 40-acre land plots to loyal refugees and freedmen.
What is the most lasting benefit of the Freedmen’s Bureau?
Education
Which university was created and still lasted by/after the Freedmen’s Bureau?
Howard University continued to provide support
As new state governments took power in the South, many Republicans in Congress were alarmed to see that they were headed by the same people who had led the South before the war:
wealthy former enslavers
wealthy former enslavers started passing laws known as the. . .
black codes
What are the black codes?
laws passed in 1865 and 1866 in the former Confederate states to limit the rights and freedoms of African Americans
what did the black codes resemble?
Slavery
What three purposes did the Black codes serve?
- Limit Rights of freed people
- Help landowners find new workers.
- Keep freed people at the bottom of the social order in the South.
What are the radical republicans?
A group of extreme Republicans in Congress
What did the radical republicans want?
the federal government to take a more active role in Reconstruction—a role that would involve tougher requirements for restoring Southern governments.
Who, in the house of representatives, led the radical republicans? In the senate?
Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania led the Radical Republicans, and in the Senate, they were led by Charles Sumner of Massachusetts.
What two bill in early 1866 were enacted to help freed people?
- Extended life of the freedmen’t bureau
- Civil Rights Act of 1866
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Struck at the black codes by declaring freed people to be full citizens with the same civil rights as white people.
14th Amendment
Birth right citizenship
