OVERALL SUMMARY OF THE LESSONS Flashcards
(14 cards)
Summary of Confronting the Issue of Slavery
Missouri’s statehood threatened the balance of slavery states, with northerners concerned about potential admission of other territories and southerners worried about Congress’s potential to end slavery elsewhere.
What was the Missouri Compromise?
The Missouri Compromise in 1820 allowed Missouri and Maine to have slavery, while establishing a line across the Louisiana Territory, allowing it only south of it.
What was the Compromise of 1850?
After the Mexican-American War, the Compromise of 1850 allowed California to become a free state, ended enslaved trade in Washington, D.C., and strengthened laws targeting fugitives from slavery.
What was the Dred Scott Decision?
In 1857, the Supreme Court ruled in the Dred Scott case that African Americans were not citizens and the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
What happened as a result of a new party forming?
Antislavery activists formed the Republican Party, nominating Abraham Lincoln for Illinois Senate. Debates on slavery intensified, leading to a raid by abolitionist John Brown.
What was the Election of 1860 and Secession?
Lincoln won 1860 presidency, leading Southern states to secede and form Confederate States of America. Early 1861 saw Confederate troops attack Charleston, igniting the Civil War.
What were North and South weaknesses and strengths?
Both sides had strengths and weaknesses, with the North having a larger population and more factories, but lacking strong military leadership, while the South had economic and transportation issues, but good military leaders.
Main important battles and why they’re significant
Battle of Bull Run: An Awakening
* Confederacy’s 1861 victory, highlighting war’s difficulty.
* Women supported families and military forces.
Antietam: A Bloody Affair
* Union forces blockaded Southern ports and controlled Mississippi River.
* High death tolls reflected new warfare methods and improved weapons.
Gettysburg: A Turning Point
* Battle ended South’s final invasion attempt.
* Confederate forces fought defensive war in Southern territory.
Vicksburg: A Besieged City
* Confederate forces held Vicksburg in 1863, dividing Confederacy.
Fort Wagner: African Americans and the War
* African Americans joined Union forces in 1862.
Appomattox: Total War Brings an End
* Union captured Richmond in April 1865.
What was Presidential Reconstruction?
Under President Johnson’s Reconstruction plan, Southern states rejoined the Union after forming a new constitution, electing a new government, canceling war debts, and ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment.
What was Congressional Reconstruction?
Congressional Reconstruction, initiated in 1866, aimed to grant full citizenship rights to freed individuals through the Fourteenth Amendment, which granted equal legal protection to all US citizens.
What was the Southern Reconstruction?
The Military Reconstruction Act in 1867 reintroduced federal troops to the South, registering voters and enabling Ulysses S. Grant to become president, thereby promoting African American voting rights.
What was the End of Reconstruction?
Reconstruction ended in 1877 when President Rutherford B. Hayes withdrew federal troops from the South after the 1876 disputed election, resulting in legal and violent suppression of black men.
What was Reconstruction Reversed?
Following Reconstruction, Southern states closed schools, barred black people from voting, and passed Jim Crow laws, leading to widespread discrimination against African Americans.
How did people respond to segregation?
Segregation led many African Americans to migrate to other parts of the United States, while those who remained in the South worked diligently to improve their lives.
