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Anaphy > Lesson 4 > Flashcards

Lesson 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Closed system of the heart and blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular system

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2
Q

The heart pumps blood into the arteries and received blood from the veins

A

Cardiovascular system

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3
Q

The function is to deliver and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products

A

Cardiovascular system

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4
Q

Thorax between the lungs

A

Heart

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5
Q

Pointed apex directed toward left hip

A

Heart

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6
Q

A serous double serous membrane

A

Pericardium

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7
Q

2 types of pericardium

A

Visceral pericardium
Parietal pericardium

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8
Q

Forms the inner layer of the serous pericardium, also called epicardium

A

Visceral pericardium

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9
Q

Forms the outer layer of the serous pericardium

A

Parietal pericardium

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10
Q

Three layers

A

The heart wall

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11
Q

Outside layer and covers the heart

A

Epicardium

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12
Q

Middle layer

A

Myocardium

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13
Q

Contracts to pump blood into the arteries

A

Myocardium

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14
Q

Lines the interior of the chambers and covers the heart valves

A

Endocardium

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15
Q

Blood supply to the myocardium:

A

Coronary arteries
Coronary sinus

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16
Q

The main arteries that supply blood to and remove waste products from the muscle of the heart

A

Coronary arteries

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17
Q

A dilated veins that collects blood from the myocardium and opens into the right atrium near the anterior vena cava

A

Coronary sinus

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18
Q

The chambers of the heart:

A

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
The valves

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19
Q

Receives blood from the vena cavae and the coronary sinus

A

Right atrium

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20
Q

Pumps blood into the right ventricle

A

Right atrium

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21
Q

Receives blood from the right atrium and pumps blood into pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs for oxygenated

A

Right ventricle

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22
Q

Receives oxygenated blood coming back to the heart from the lungs in the pulmonary veins

A

Left atrium

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23
Q

Pumps blood into the left ventricle

A

Left atrium

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24
Q

Receives blood from the left atrium

A

Left ventricle

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25
Pumps blood into the aorta to be carried to tissues in the systematic circuit
Left ventricle
26
One way valves that direct blood flow in only one direction
The valves
27
Located in between atria and ventricles
Atrioventricular (AV) Valves
28
Atrioventricular (AV) Valves:
Bicuspid (Left) Tricuspid (Right)
29
Semilunar valves:
Pulmonary semilunar valves Aortic semilunar valves
30
2 types of the Valves:
Atrioventricular valves Semilunar valves
31
Valve with 2 cusps
Bicuspid (left)
32
a.k.a Mitral valve
Bicuspid (left)
33
Prevents blood from flowing back up into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts (systole)
Bicuspid (left)
34
Valve with 3 cusps
Tricuspid (right)
35
Prevents blood from flowing back up into the right atrium when the right ventricle contracts (systole)
Tricuspid (right)
36
Valve with 3 half-moon shaped cusps
Pulmonary semilunar valve
37
At the entrance to the pulmonary artery
Pulmonary semilunar valve
38
Prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle when the right ventricle relaxes (diastole)
Pulmonary semilunar valve
39
At the entrance to the aorta
Aortic semilunar valve
40
Prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle relaxes (diastole)
Aortic semilunar valve
41
Associated great vessels:
Aorta Pulmonary arteries Vena cava Pulmonary veins
42
Leaves left ventricle
Aorta
43
Leave right ventricle
Pulmonary arteries
44
Enters right atrium
Vena cava
45
Enter left atrium
Pulmonary veins
46
Heart muscle cell contract, without nerve impulses, in a regular continuous way
Intrinsic conduction system
47
Special tissue sets the pace:
Sinoatrial (SA) Node Atrioventricular (AV) node Atrioventricular bundle Bundle branches Purkinje fibers
48
Contraction is initiated by the sinoatrial node
Heart contractions
49
Events of one complete heart beat
Cardiac cycle
50
Types of cardiac cycle:
Mid-to-late diastole Ventricular systole Early diastole
51
Blood flows into ventricles
Mid-to-late diastole
52
Blood pressure builds before ventricle contracts, pushing out blood
Ventricular systole
53
Atria finish re-filling, ventricular pressure is low
Early diastole
54
Systole=
Contraction
55
Diastole=
Relaxation
56
Amount of blood pumped by each side of the heart in one minute
Cardiac output
57
Volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one contraction
Stroke volume
58
Stroke volume usually remains relatively constant
Regulation of heart rate
59
The more that the cardiac muscle is stretched, the stronger the contraction
Starling's law of the heart
60
Increased the heart rate:
Sympathetic nervous system Hormones Exercise Decreased blood volume
61
Decreased the heart rate:
Parasympathetic nervous system High blood pressure or blood volume Decreased venous return
62
Encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, often leading to serious health consequences it felt untreated. These include coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, heart failure and stroke
Cardiovascular diseases
63
Coronary artery disease:
Narrowed arteries Reduced blood flow Increased heart attack risk
64
Coronary artery disease occurs when the major blood vessels that supply the heart become damaged or diseased, often due to the buildup of fatty deposits called ploque
Narrowed arteries
65
As the ploque accumulates, it narrows and hardens the coronary arteries, restriating the flow of oxygen -rich blood to the heart muscle
Reduced blood flow
66
This reduced blood flow can lead to chest pain, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, a heart attack. If ploque ruptures and blocks an artery
Increased heart attack risk
67
Hypertension:
Elevated blood pressure Increased risks Silent condition Lifestyle factors
68
Arrhythmias are disorder characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm where the heart beats too fast, too slow or irregularly. These can be caused an malfunctions in the hearts electrical system
Abnormal heart rhythms
69
Types of arrhythmias:
Tachycardia Bradycardia Atrial fibrillation Contraction ventricular
70
Rapid
Tachycardia
71
Heart beat (over 100bpm)
Tachycardia
72
Slow(under 60)
Bradycardia
73
Irregular, quivering atrial
Atrial fibrillation
74
Chaotic, uncoordinated contractions
Contraction ventricular
75
O2 is loaded from the alveolar air into the blood, while CO2 is unloaded from the blood into the alveolar air
Pulmonary capillary
76
Common pulse sites used to check circulation are:
Temporal Carotid Brachial Radial Femoral Popliteal Dorsalis pedis
77
Side of forehead
Temporal
78
Neck
Carotid
79
Inside the elbow
Brachial
80
Thumb site of wrist
Radial
81
Groin
Femoral
82
Behind the knee
Popliteal
83
Upper surface of foot
Dorsalis pedis

Anaphy (9 decks)

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