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MICROBIOLOGY > LESSON 6,7 BACTERIAL CLASSIFICATION AND STRUCTURE > Flashcards

LESSON 6,7 BACTERIAL CLASSIFICATION AND STRUCTURE Flashcards

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1
Q

-bacteria which gain energy from light.

A

PHOTOTROPHS

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2
Q

-bacteria uses
1.REDUCED INORGANIC COMPOUND as electron source.
ex. H2S

A

PHOTOLITHOTROPS

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3
Q

-bacteria uses
1.ORGANIC COMPOUND as electron source
ex. SUCCINATE

A

PHOTOORGANOTROPHS

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4
Q

-bacteria that gain energy from
1.CHEMICAL COMPOUND
2.cannot CARRY OUT PHOTOSYNTHESIS
as electron source

A

CHEMOTROPHS

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5
Q

-bacteria gain energy from : OXIDATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOUND & REDUCES INORGANIC COMPOUND
as electron source
ex. NH3

A

CHEMOLITHOTROPS

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6
Q

-bacteria gain energy from CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS &
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

ex. GLUCOSE & AMINO ACIDS

A

CHEMOORGANOTROPS

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7
Q

-bacteria that are NON-PATHOGENIC & FREE LIVING BACTERIA
-uses SOLAR ENERGY or CARBON DIOXIDE

A

AUTOTROPHS

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8
Q

-bacyteria that UTILIZES LIGHT to assimilate carbon dioxide

A

PHOTOAUTOTROPS

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9
Q

-bacteria that utilizes CHEMICAL ENERGY for assimilation of carbon dioxide.

A

CHEMOAUTOTROPS

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10
Q

-bacteria that uses ORGANIC COMPOUND AS CARBON SOURCE, but lack the ability to fix carbon dioxide.

A

HETEROTROPHS

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11
Q

-b. can grow at 0’c to 20’c
-optimum growth is 15’c below
-common contaminants in refrigerator
-contains POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

A

psychroPHILES

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12
Q

-a FACULTATIVE PSYCHROPHILES
-grow even 0’c to 30’c
-Optimum growth is 20-30’c

A

psychroTROPHS

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13
Q

-b. can grow between 25-40’c
-Optimum growth is 37’C

A

MESOPHILES

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14
Q

-this b. are capable og growing on MESOPHILIC RANGE

A

FACULTATIVE THERMOPHILES

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14
Q

-b. grow above 45’c
-contains SATURATED FATTY ACIDS in thier cell membrane -can survive PASTEURIZATION TEMPERATURE

A

THERMOPHILES

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15
Q

-true thermophies or stenothermpophile

A

OBLIGATE THERMOPHILES

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16
Q

-b. that have OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE of growth abpove 80’c

A

HYPERTHERMOPHILES

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17
Q

-b. grows best at acidic pH

A

ACIDOPHILES

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18
Q

-b. grows best at ALKALINE pH

A

ALKALIPHILES

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19
Q

-b. that grows best at neutral pH (6.5 TO 7.5)

A

NEUTROPHILES

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20
Q

-b. that require HIGH CONCENTRATION of (NaCl) for growth.

A

HALOPHILES

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21
Q

-b. that DOES NOT require NaCl, but can TOLERATE small concentration of NaCl in growth media.

A

HALOTOLERANT

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22
Q

-b. that REQUIRES & CANNOT GROW in the absence of oxygen.

A

OBLIGATE AEROBES

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23
Q

-b. that DO NOT REQUIRE oxygen, but can USE IF AVAILABLE.

A

FACULTATIVE ANAEROBES

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24
-b. that DO NOT REQUIRE, but can TOLERATE the presence of oxygen for gowth.
AEROTOLERANT ANAEROBES
25
-b. that DO NOT REQUIRE, but can TOLERATE LOW CONCENTRATION of oxygen
MICROAEROPHILES
26
-b. that can grow only in ABSENCE OF OXYGEN
OBLIGATE ANAEROBES
27
-b. that require CARBON DIOXIDE for growth
CAPNOPHILES
28
-cell wall of these bacteria is composed of peptidoglycan layer only. The cell wall retains the crystal fire lit or gram stain which appear violate
GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA
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-cell wall contains lipopolysaccharide in outer membrane and inner membrane contains peptidoglycan.
GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA
30
-b. with single flagellum in one
MONOTRICHOUS
31
-b. having bundle of flagella in one end of cell
LOPHOTRICHOUS
32
-b. having single or cluster of flagella at both end of cell
AMPHITRICHOUS
33
-b. having flagella evenly distributed around the cell surface.
PERITRICHOUS
34
-b.without flagella
ATRICHOUS
35
-produce spore during unfavorable condition.
SPORE FORMING BACTERIA
36
-spore produced within the bacterial cell.
ENDOSPORE FORMING BACTERIA
37
-spore produce outside the cell.
EXOSPORE FORMING BACTERIA
38
-do not produce spore.
NON- SPORE FORMING BACTERIA
39
classification of bacteria:
1. ACCORDING TO MODE OF NUTRITION 2. ACCORDING TO OPTIMUM TEMPERATIRE REQUIREMENT 3. ACCORDING TO OPTIMAL pH 4. ACCORDING TO SALT REQUIREMENT 5. ACCORDING TO GASEOUS REQUIREMENT 6. ACCORDING TO CELL WALL 7. ACCORDING TO FLAGELLA 8. ACCORDING TO SPORE
40
Plant cell wall is:
CELLULOSE
41
Fungal cell walls is:
CHITIN
42
Archaea have cell walls of:
PSEUDOMUREIN
43
-resembles: BERRIES -ROUND/OVAL/ELONGATED/SPHERICAL/ELLIPTICAL SHAPE -COCCUS in singular
COCCI
44
-single, discrete round cell.
MONO
45
-cell divides but REMAIN ATTACHED
DIPLO
46
-cell divides repeatedly in one plane to form CHAINS OF CELLS
STREPTO
47
-consist of 4 round cells/ remain in group 4
TETRA
48
-cell divide in 3 planes, gives structure of GRAPEs & irregular configuration.
STAPHY
49
-cell divide in 3 planes but form a CUBE. consist of 8 TO 16 cells & irregular shape.
SARCINA
50
-these are ROD SHAPED or CYLINDRICAL bacteria which either remain singly or in pairs.
BACILLI
51
-in bacilli it appear in pairs after cell division
DIPLOBACILLI
52
-in bacilli it occurs in CHAIN after cell division.
STREPTOBACILLI
53
- in bacilli it's shape OVAL similar to cocci
COCCOBACILLI
54
-Curved, comma shaped bacteria and represented by a single genus
VIBRO
55
-spiral or spring like with multiple curvature and terminal flagella with fairly rigid bodies
SPIRILLA
56
-helical and flexible which move by means of axial filaments resembling flagella but contained within an external sheath.
SPIROCHETES
57
size of most bacteria ranges from :
0.2 micrometer to 2.0 diameter
58
glycocalyx (SUGAR COAT) composed of what:
POLYSACCHARIDE & POLYPEPTIDE
59
2 forms of GLYCOCALYX:
1. CAPSULE FORM- 2. SLIME FORM
60
-the substance is ORGANIZED - firmly ATTACHED to the cell wall, -clinically contributes to the VIRULENCE of bacteria due to its capacity to evade phagocytosis by host cells.
CAPSULE FORM
61
-the substance in unorganized and is loosely attached to cell wall.
SLIME FORM
62
-singular term of flagella
FLAGELLUM
63
-means whip, are long filamentous appendages that propel bacteria,
FLAGELLA
64
3 BASIC PARTS PF FLAGELLA:
1. FILAMENT 2. HOOK 3. BASAL BODY
65
-long outermost part that contains flagellin arranged in helix
FILAMENT
66
-it's where filament is attached.
HOOK
67
-it anchors the flagellum to the cell wall & plasma membrane , Flagella can move by rotating this part of falgella,
BASAL BODY
68
CLOCKWISE OR COUNTERCLOCKWISE
MOTILITY
69
MOTILITY PRESENTED IN DIFF. PATTERNS:
1. RUN OR SWIM- one direction 2. TUMBLES- periodic abrupt 3. SWARM- rapid wavelike movements
70
-also called endoflagella present in SPIROCHETES.
AXIAL FILAMENTS
71
-Is a type of a protein called pilin. It is a numerous hair like appendages that surrounds the bacterium and helps to ATTACHED TO HOST SURFACE
FIMBRAE
72
-Is another type of the protein pilin but is only presented in one or two per bacterium, helps bacterial cell to prepare DNA TRANSFER from one cell to another
PILI
73
-bacterial cell wall is a SEMI-RIGID structure protects the interior of the cell from the outside environment,
CELL WALL
74
bacterial cell wall is primarily composed of network of peptidoglycan also called ?
MUREIN
75
- Peptidoglycan contains _________which provide the antigenic capacity of the bacteria making it possible to identify it upon laboratory.
TEICHOIC ACIDS
76
-outer portion of Gram negative bacteria composed of 3?
1.LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE 2.LIPOPROTEINS 3. PHOSPHOLIPIDS
77
-LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE also called?
ENDOTOXIN
78
-there are bacteria that are composed of higher % of MYCOLIC ACID, which can only be stain by CARBOL FUCHSIN that resist the removal w/ acid aclcohol called?
ACID FAST BACTERIA
79
-having no cell wall or w/ very little wall material. ex. MYCOPLASMA sp.
ATYPICAL CELL WALL
80
-it can cause damage, interfere w/ synthesis of cell walls by CELL LYSIS
LYSOZYME
81
-this structure has underlying cell wall composed of phospholipids arrangend in 2 rows of LIPID BILAYER.
PLASMA MEMBRANE
82
- the outer surface of lipid bolayer or the polar heads is a ?
HYDROPHILIC, water loving
83
-the inner of lipid bilayer or the non-polar tails ia a?
HYDROPHOBIC, water fearing
84
-the movememt of materials across the membrane can either be?
PASSIVE PROCESSES- ACTIVE PROCESSES
85
-a special type of active that alters the substance being transported across a membrane.
GROUP TRANSLOCATION
86
-The substance inside the plasma membrane composed mainly of water and other substances like proteins, carbohydrates or lipids.
CYTOPLASM
87
-also called nucleod, located in the cytoplasm of a bacterial ce, that contains double stranded dna composed of BACTERIAL CHROMOSOMES & PLASMID.
NUCLEUS
88
-bacterial chromosomes contains what?
GENETIC INFORMATION
89
-plasmid contains?
1. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE 2. TOXIN PRODUCTION 3. ENZYME SYNTHESIS
90
- is the site of protein syntheis w/ 2 subunits.
RIBOSOMES
91
-subunit of ribosomes that is small & contains molecule of ribosomal bacteria.
30's
92
-this subunit of ribosomes that is large & contains 2 molecules of ribosomal bacteria.
50's
93
-ribosome in bacteria are called ?
70's ribosomes
94
-specialized resting cell formed internal the cell membrane.
ENDOSPORE
95
-recite the 7 inclusion.
MEtachromatic granules POlysaccharide granule LIpid inclusion SUlfur granules CArboxysomes GAs vacuoles Mgnetosomes
96

MICROBIOLOGY (13 decks)

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