levers, planes, axes

Question 1

what is a lever

Answer 1

a bone, shown as a straight line on the diagram

Question 2

what is the fulcrum

Answer 2

a pivot, or joint, and is shown as a triangle

Question 3

what is the effort

Answer 3

the fore provided by muscles, and is shown by an arrow

Question 4

what is the load/ resistance

Answer 4

the weight of the body/ object being moved, is shown as a square

Question 5

describe a first class lever

Answer 5

• the fulcrum is in the middle, surrounded by the effort and load
• the effort arm points down

Question 6

what is a sporting example of a first class lever

Answer 6

heading a ball

Question 7

describe a second class lever

Answer 7

the load/ resistance is surrounded by the fulcrum and effort

Question 8

what is a sporting example of a second class lever

Answer 8

calf raises

Question 9

describe a third class lever

Answer 9

the effort is surrounded by the fulcrum and load

Question 10

what is a sporting example of a third class lever

Answer 10

bicep curl

Question 11

what is the effort arm

Answer 11

distance between the effort arm and fulcrum

Question 12

what is the resistance arm

Answer 12

distance between the load and the fulcrum

Question 13

what is the mechanical advantage of a 1st class lever

Answer 13

will vary depending on the distance of the load and the effort of the fulcrum

Question 14

what is the mechanical advantage of a second class lever

Answer 14

able to lift heavier loads owing to its large effort arm

Question 15

what is the mechanical advantage of a third class lever

Answer 15

provides speed and a wide range of movement owing to a long resistance arm

Question 16

what is a plane

Answer 16

an imaginary line that movement direction occurs in

Question 17

what is an axis

Answer 17

a line about which the body or body part can turn

Question 18

what are the different planes of movement

Answer 18

• frontal plane
• sagittal plane
• transverse plane

Question 19

what are the different axis of movement

Answer 19

• sagittal axis
• transverse axis
• longitudinal axis

Question 20

what is the frontal plane

Answer 20

separates the front and the back of the body

Question 21

what does the frontal plane link with

Answer 21

• the sagittal axis
• remember: From Side to side

Question 22

what sporting example is for the frontal plane and sagittal axis, and what movements occur

Answer 22

• cartwheel
• abduction, adduction

Question 23

what is the sagittal axis

Answer 23

goes from the front to the back of the body

Question 24

what is the sagittal plane

Answer 24

separates the left and the right side of the body

Question 25

what does the sagittal plane link with

Answer 25

- the transverse axis - remember: SquaT

Question 26

what sporting example is for the sagittal plane and transverse axis, and what movements occur

Answer 26

- somersault - flexion and extension

Question 27

what is the transverse axis

Answer 27

goes from one side to the other side of the body

Question 28

what is the transverse plane

Answer 28

separates the top and the bottom of the body

Question 29

what does the transverse plane link with

Answer 29

- the longitudinal axis - remember: TwirL

Question 30

what sporting example is for the transverse plane and the longitudinal axis, and what movement occurs

Answer 30

- pirouette - rotation

Question 31

what acronym helps to remember the leavers

Answer 31

123 FRE TGB

Question 32

how to calculate mechanical advantage

Answer 32

effort arm/ resistance

Question 33

when mechanical advantage happens is the effort arm longer or shorter than the resistance arm

Answer 33

longer

Question 34

when mechanical disadvantage happens is the resistance arm longer or shorter than the effort arm

Answer 34

longer

Question 35

what lever class does mechanical advantage occur at

Question 36

what lever class does mechanical disadvantage occur at