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BIOCHEM LEC FOR RBE > LIPIDS > Flashcards

LIPIDS Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

are a HETEROGENEOUS GROUP OF COMPOUNDS, including fats, oils, steroids, waxes, and related compounds

A

lipids

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2
Q

what are the SAPONIFIABLE LIPIDS?

A

Biological waxes
Triacylglycerol
Sphingoglycolipids
Phospholipids

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3
Q

what are the NONSAPONIFIABLE LIPIDS

A

Bile acids
Eicosanoids
Cholesterol
Steroid hormones

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4
Q

BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIPIDS

A

fatty acids

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5
Q

a fatty acid with a carbon chain in which all CARBON-CARBON BONDS ARE SINGLE BONDS

A

saturated fatty acid

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6
Q

a fatty acid with a carbon chain in which one CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE BOND IS PRESENT

A

monounsaturated fatty acid

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7
Q

a fatty acid with a carbon chain in which TWO OR MORE CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE BONDS ARE PRESENT

A

polyunsaturated fatty acid

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8
Q

VINEGAR OCCURENCE

A

acetic acid

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9
Q

an end product of CARBOHYDRATE EMENTATION by rumen organisms

A

propionic acid

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10
Q

GLYCERIDES in BUTTER

A

butyric acid

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11
Q

goat and cow butter; coconut fat

A

caproic acid

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12
Q

goat and cow butter; coconut fat; human fat

A

caprylic acid

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13
Q

goat and cow butter; coconut fat; fat of spice bush

A

capric acid

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14
Q

spermaceti, cinnamon, palm kernel oil, coconut oils, laurels, butter

A

lauric

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15
Q

nutmeg, palm kernel, coconut oils, myrtles, butter

A

myristic acid

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16
Q

animal and vegetable fats; spermaceti; beeswax

A

palmitic acid

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17
Q

animal and vegetable fats

A

stearic acid

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18
Q

esters of fatty acids with VARIOUS ALCOHOLS

A

simple lipids

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19
Q

esters of fatty acids containing GROUPS IN ADDITION to an alcohol and a fatty acid

A

complex lipids

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20
Q

STORAGE SITE OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS in the human body, specifically in the special cells

A

adipose tissue

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21
Q

MOST ABUNDANT TYPE OF LIPIDS present in the body

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A

triacylglycerol

22
Q

what is the healthiest oil?

23
Q

what is the unhealthiest oil?

24
Q

it is considered a GOOD FAT

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A

monousaturated and polyunsaturated fat

25
it is considered a BAD FAT
saturated fats
26
primary member of OMEGA-6 acid family
linoleic acid
27
primary member of OMEGA-3 acid famiy
linolenic acid
28
carry cholesterol FROM THE LIVER to various cells or tissues of the body
LDL
29
carry EXCESS CHOLESTEROL FROM BODY TISSUES BACK TO THE LIVER for degradation to bile acids
HDL
30
TRANSPORT TRIACYLGLYCEROLS from the liver to adipose tissue
VLDL
31
TRANSPORT DIETARY TRIACYLGLYCEROLS from the intestines to the liver and adipose tissue
chylomicrons
32
a form of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE characterized by the buildup of plaque along the inner walls of arteries
atheroscleriosis
33
a MOUND OF LIPID MATERIAL mixed with smooth muscle cells and calcium
plaque
34
a TWO-LAYER-THICK STRUCTURE of phospholipids and glycolipids in which nonpolar tails of the lipids are in the middle of the structure and the polar heads are on the outside surfaces of the structure
lipid bilayer
35
protein help: NONE REQUIRED
passive transport
36
protein help: PROTEINS SERVE AS GATES
facilitated transport
37
proteins help: PROTEINS SERVE AS PUMPS
active transport
38
a fluid containing EMULSIFYING AGENTS THAT IS SECRETED BY THE LIVER, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the small intestine during digestion
bile
39
a CHOLESTEROL DERIVATIVE that functions as a lipid-emulsifying agent in the aqueous environment of the digestive tract
bile acid
40
a substance that CAN DISPERSE AND STABILIZE water-insoluble substances as colloidal particles in an aqueous solution
emulsifier
41
is a biochemical substance, produced by a DUCTLESS GLAND, that has a messenger function
hormone
42
is a HORMONE that is a CHOLESTEROL DERIVATIVE
steroid hormone
43
which control reproduction and SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS
sex hormones
44
which regulate NUMEROUS BIOCHEMICAL processes in the body
adrenocorticoid hormones
45
most commonly measured type of estrogen for NONPREGNANT WOMAN
estradiol
46
levels usually are only measured during PREGNANCY
estriol
47
may be measured in women who have gone through MENOPAUSE to determine their estrogen levels
estrone
48
is an OXYGENATED C20 FATTY ACID derivative that functions as a messenger lipid
eicosanoids
49
are HORMONELIKE molecules rather than true hormones because they are not transported in the bloodstream to their site of action as true hormones are
eicosanoids
50
is a lipid that is a MONOESTER OF A LONG-CHAIN FATTY ACID and a long-chain alcohol
biological wax

BIOCHEM LEC FOR RBE (9 decks)

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