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HEPATOLOGY > LIVER FUNCTION TEST > Flashcards

LIVER FUNCTION TEST Flashcards

1
Q

Markers of Liver Cell Damage

A

ALT
AST

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2
Q

Markers of CHOLESTASIS

A

ALP
GGT
5’ nucleotidase
Lucine aminopeptidase

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3
Q

Markers of SYNTHESIS (SYNTHETIC Markers)

A
  1. Albumin
  2. PT/INR
  3. Cholinesterase
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4
Q

1st SIGN of LIVER FAILURE

A

⬆️ PT/INR

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5
Q

Liver Failure 🌸 TYPES

A
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6
Q

Normal Value of ALT & AST

A

5-45 IU/L

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7
Q

Which is SGOT & SGPT
🧠⚡ L-PG⚡
🧠💡GO-ST💡

A

ALT: SGPT
Alanine transaminase
Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase

AST: SGOT
Aspartate transaminase
Serum Glutamate Oxalate Transaminase

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8
Q

Normally ALT or AST which is HIGHER?

A

ALT

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9
Q

⭐ ALT/SGPT is specific for

⭐ AST/SGOT is specific for

🧠⚡I ASKED(AST) why Little Men Hate Everybody ⚡

🧠⚡aLt ⚡

A

⭐ LIVER

⭐ Liver, Muscle Heart, Erythrocytes

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10
Q

Which Liver Cell Damage marker is Mitochondrial

🧠⚡ IMAGINE IMAGE OF MITOCHONDRIA ITS A CIRCLE= O MEANS sgOt⚡

A

SGOT/AST is Mitochondrial 80%
20% CYTOSOLIC

SGPT is 100% CYTOSOLIC

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11
Q

AST ⬆️ > 3 times NORMAL
➕
ALT ⬆️ > 3 times NORMAL

💡🪔CLINICAL POINTER🪔

A

Hepatocellular Injury

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12
Q

AST ⬆️ < 3 times NORMAL
➕
ALT ⬆️ < 3 times NORMAL

💡🪔CLINICAL POINTER🪔

A

CHOLESTASIS
(Cholestasis can also lead to Liver call damage)

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13
Q

AST ⬆️
➕
ALT NORMAL

💡🪔CLINICAL POINTER🪔

A

NO HEPATOCELLULAR CELL INJURY

⭐ HEMOLYSIS
⭐ RHABDOMYOLYSIS
⭐ ACUTE MI

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14
Q

AST ⬆️
➕
ALT NORMAL
➕
LDH/AST = ≥ 30
➕
LDH2 > LDH1

💡🪔CLINICAL POINTER🪔

A

Hemolysis

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15
Q

LDH Flip seen in

A

MI

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16
Q

AST ⬆️
➕
ALT NORMAL
➕
LDH1 > LDH2

💡🪔CLINICAL POINTER🪔

A

Acute MI

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17
Q

HEPATOCELLULAR INJURY
Classified by

A

AST/ALT ratio

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18
Q

De Ritis Ratio seen in

A

Alcoholic Hepatitis
AST/ALT ≥ 2

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19
Q

AST/ALT >1
Seen in

A
  1. Alcoholic Hepatitis
  2. Fulminant Liver Failure/Cirrhosis
  3. HCC / METASTASIS
20
Q

ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
NORMAL Value

A

44-144 IU/L

21
Q

CAUSES: ⬆️ ALP
🧠⚡ Plates of Kidney & Liver Can Be Soaked ⚡

A

Pregnancy (3rd TRIMESTER)
Kidney Disease
Liver Disease
Choriocarcinoma
Seminoma

22
Q

ALP in BILIARY Pathology

ALP in HEPATOCELLULAR Pathology

A

ALP in BILIARY Pathology
🎯 > 2 TIMES Upper Limit of NORMAL

ALP in HEPATOCELLULAR Pathology
🎯 < 2 TIMES Upper Limit of NORMAL

23
Q

ALP ⬆️ is significant only if

A

> 4 times NORMAL

24
Q

Reduced ALP
Causes

A
  1. Wilson’s disease
  2. Hypothyroidism
  3. Zinc deficiency
  4. Pernicious anemia
  5. Hypophosphatemia
25
differentiate between Alkaline phosphatase coming from Liver & Bone 🧠⚡Bone Burns ⚡ 🧠⚡Liver Lasts ⚡
liver (heat stable) bone (heat labile).
26
GGT NORMAL Value
10-60
27
⬆️ GGT
1. Biliary pathology: Cholestasis 2. Alcohol abuse 3. Phenytoin 4. Diabetes 5. CKD
28
Isolated GGT Elevation
Alcohol ABUSE
29
Membrane bound enzyme in Biliary tract
GGT
30
T½ of Albumin
21 days
31
NORMAL Albumin Low Albumin
3.5-5.5 mg/dl
32
PT vs aPTT 🧠⚡ Play Tennis⚡ 🧠⚡ Play Table Tennis ⚡
33
Elevated PT/INR
1. Liver Disease 2. Vitamin K deficiency ✨ Malnutrition ✨ Malabsorption ✨ Broad Spectrum Antibiotics ✨ Hemorrhagic Disease of Newborn 3. WARFARIN Therapy 4. DIC
34
BILIRUBIN HANDLING
35
Hepatic Cell: BILIRUBIN METABOLISM
36
Transporter which transports UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN-ALBUMIN into Hepatocyte
LIGANDIN
37
Transporter which transports CONJUGATED BILIRUBIN into BILE DUCT
MRP2/CMOAT
38
Enzyme causing CONJUGATION of BILIRUBIN
UGT1A1
39
Difference BETWEEN JAUNDICE & ICTERUS
Elevation of Serum BILIRUBIN > 3mg/dl: Jaundice ICTERUS: Clinical sign of Jaundice; Yellowish discolouration of Sclera
40
Serum BILIRUBIN that causes DISCOLOURATION of MUCOUS MEMBRANE
Serum BILIRUBIN > 4-5mg/dl
41
NORMAL Serum BILIRUBIN
0.2-1.2 mg/dl
42
Approach to JAUNDICE
43
Approach to ACUTE HEPATITIS
44
Approach to CHRONIC HEPATITIS
45
Approach to CHOLESTASIS
46
Sequale of LIVER DISEASE
Acute HEPATITIS ⬇️ Chronic Hepatitis ⬇️ Cirrhosis ➡️ HCC ⬇️ DECOMPENSATION: Portal Hypertension
47
Cause of Acute HEPATITIS. 🧠⚡Always Go in ORDER ⚡ 🧠⚡IDIA Wins ⚡
1. Infective HEPATITIS ⚡⚡ MOST COMMON in ADULTS: Hepatitis E ⚡⚡ MOST COMMON in CHILDREN: Hepatitis A 2. DRUGS/TOXIN 3. ISCHEMIA 4. AUTOIMMUNE 5. WILSON'S Disease

HEPATOLOGY (16 decks)

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