Locality and Crime: Explaining C/D Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Locality and Crime: Explaining C/D Deck (11)
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1
Q

What does Right Realism (environmental approach) suggest?

A

Some areas ARE more criminal

2
Q

What is Shaw and McKay’s theory (Right Realism)?

A

There is a ‘zone of transition’ which is the most deprived area with a high turnover of population and high crime despite who lived there. High level of social disorganisation = low social control.
Cultural transmission - in this area some now saw crime as acceptable, increasing crime and socialising next generation into criminal norms/values

3
Q

What was Sutherland and Cressey’s theory (Right Realism)?

A

Differential association - criminal behaviour is due to associating the criminal role models
(frequency; duration; priority; intensity)
Therefore some areas are more criminal as crime is ‘spread’

4
Q

What was Baldwin and Bottom’s theory (Right Realism)?

A

Studied 2 council estates separated by a road, one had three times higher crime rate. Suggested that the high crime estate had ‘tipped’ - low informal control led to law abiding crimes moving out, relatives of families moved in

5
Q

What was Skogan (Right Realism)’s theory?

A

Breakdown in community social control lead to lae abiding citizens moving out, weakening social bonds, lowering house prices = the area becomes a ‘crime zone’

6
Q

What was Cohen and Felson’s idea? (R Realism)

A

Routine activities:
time of day is also important - situational crime prevention is needed
Also, need for ‘capable guardian’ (police and neighbourhood watch)

7
Q

What did the Joseph Rowntree Foundation find?

A

Gangs are mostly 13-17 year olds in deprived areas

8
Q

What does Left Realism suggest?

A

Lea and Young - subculture, relative deprivation, marginalisation and inequalities = crime
Although some localities may be more criminal they are just as much victims as others

9
Q

What does Interactionism suggest?

A

No area is more criminal
Becker - some areas are labelled as more criminal
Cicourel - police hold stereotypical assumptions of some areas

10
Q

What does Marxism say?

A

Chambliss - the police are a repressive state apparatus, they target working class areas as these present the mos threat of revolution

11
Q

What does Feminism say about locality and crime?

A

Considering location ignores domestic crimes against women