Lower Extremity Conditions Week 6 Flashcards
(38 cards)
Inflammation of the pubic symphysis particularly where muscles insert
osteitis pubis
What causes osteitis pubis?
-sudden abduction injury
-repetitive micro-traumas from running or kicking
-pregnancy
What is the main complaint for osteitis pubis?
symphysis discomfort and swelling
-a contraction induced injury in which muscle fibers tear when they cannot cope with the demands placed on them
-mostly occurs as a result of a powerful eccentric contraction (someone drops their side of the load) or over stretching of the muscle (this is why 2 joint muscles are most commonly involved)
-often seen when missing a kick or stopping
adductor, hamstring, or quadriceps strain
What muscles in the body cover more than 2 joints and are at most risk for a muscle strain?
-hamstrings
-rectus femoris
-biceps
-gastrocnemius
What are the signs and symptoms for muscle strain?
-pain on palpation or with contraction
-discoloration/hematoma
Calcification of muscle at the site of an injury
contusions and myositis ossificans circumscripta
What muscle is the most common area for contusions and myositis ossificans circumscripta?
quads
What causes contusions and myositis ossificans circumscripta?
direct blow type injury causes damage to the underlying muscle with subsequent hematoma
contributing factors:
-forcefully stretching after injury
-deep massage to the area of injury
-use of deep heat like ultrasound
-pain in the thigh
-paresthesia of the lateral thigh due to compression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (sensory only) as it passes beneath the inguinal ligament (a mononeuropathy)
meralgia paresthetica
What are the causes of meralgia paresthetica?
-overweight
-tight clothing, belt, or utility belt
-carrying heavy objects in front pocket
What causes an ACL tear/strain?
knee hyperextended
What causes a PCL tear/strain?
knee hyperflexed
What causes a meniscus tear?
rotational injury to the knee often involving compression, flexion, and internal rotation
usually long term squatting
What causes a medial collateral ligament (MCL) tear?
blow to the knee from L->M, twisting or hyperflexion
What causes a lateral collateral ligament (LCL) tear?
blow to the knee from M->L, twisting or hyperflexion
What is another term for patellofemoral arthralgia and chondromalacia patella?
runners knee
ulceration along the articular patellar surface
patellofemoral arthralgia/ chondromalacia patella/ runners knee
What causes patellofemoral arthralgia/ chondromalacia patella/ runners knee?
-consequences of patellar tracking disorder
-increased Q angle
-weak medial muscles and stabilizes (vastus medialis oblique and oblique popliteal ligament)
-tight lateral structures such as vastus lateralis and IT band
-patella baja
What is the largest sesamoid bone in the body?
patella
What are the symptoms for patellofemoral arthralgia/ chondromalacia patella/ runners knee?
-anterior knee pain
-worse going up and down steps and after sitting for long periods of time
-crepitus
-pain going through any squatting motion
What syndrome may be considered a form of runners knee but does not include the knee cap?
IT band syndrome
tendonitis of the IT band causing pain along the lateral aspect of the knee
IT band syndrome
What causes IT band syndrome?
-overtraining while running on hills, hard surfaces, sloped tracks, or cycling with seat too high
-cruciate ligament laxity
-poor shock absorption shoes
-genu varum
