Upper Extremity Conditions Week 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the trauma injuries that need to be referred?
-fractures
-dislocations
-gross instabilities
What are the insidious or non-traumatic pain conditions that need to be referred?
-inflammatory arthritis
-infections
-malignancies
-visceral complications
Who is most likely to have a dislocated shoulder?
-heavy individuals
-males in their late teens and early 20s
What usually causes a shoulder dislocation?
fall onto shoulder/arm that is abducted and externally rotated with the arm extended
In an anterior dislocation, the labrum often tears and this is called a __________ lesion. This is because the inferior glenohumeral ligament attaches to the labrum and the labrum tear will cause shoulder instability
Bankhart
If the inferior glenohumeral ligament is torn away from its attachment on the humeral bone then this is called a?
HAGL lesion (humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament)
An indentation in the posterior humeral head from anterior shoulder dislocation is called?
Hill Sachs fracture/lesion
Where is shoulder dislocation most common?
anterior (shoulder flexion issue)
note: posterior dislocation will show a lack of external rotation ability
What issue would cause the patient to complain of painful overhead activities, clicking, and catching?
shoulder labrum tear
What causes a shoulder labrum tear?
-blow to shoulder
-FOOSH injury
-wear and tear
-dislocation
-biceps strain
What are the 2 types of labrum tears?
SLAP lesions (superior labrum anterior to posterior) and Bankart lesions (anterior inferior glenoid labrum)
The chief function of the _________________ is to depress and centralize the humerus to the glenoid
rotator cuff muscles
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
supraspinatus, infaspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
A patient with rotator cuff injury would complain of what?
painful sleeping
Which rotator cuff muscle is the most common to be injured?
supraspinatus
What does a shoulder lag mean?
full thickness tears of the rotator cuff muscles
Which shoulder problem is this?
-when various structures become encroached upon in areas of otherwise normal relationship
shoulder impingement syndrome
What are the 3 types of shoulder impingement syndrome?
1) anterior medial
2) anterior lateral (most common)
3) posterior lateral (internal)
What are the 4 causes of shoulder impingement syndrome?
1) instability
2) malformed acromion
3) bone spurs
4) inflammation
What shoulder problem would have these symptoms?
-pain that is worse with various activities particularly overhead activities
-pain lowering the shoulder
-pain at the front shoulder which can move to the side of the arm
shoulder impingement syndrome
What is the most common complaint for shoulder impingement?
pain with overhead activities
What is the most common shoulder impingement?
anterior lateral
A dislocation of the glenohumeral joint will tear what ligament?
glenohumeral
What shoulder problem is this?
-occurs when the joint capsule thickens and becomes tight, stiff, and inflamed
-usually affects people 40+ y/o
adhesive capsulitis/ frozen shoulder
