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Kines > lumbopelvic part 1 > Flashcards

lumbopelvic part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

describe the vertebral body

A

large, transverse diameter greater than A-P and height
progressively wedge shaped L1-L5 (L5 greatest) - anterior body larger than posterior

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2
Q

describe the spinous processes

A

broad, thick from lateral view, thin superior view
large muscular attachments
attachment of thoracolumbar fascia

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3
Q

describe the transverse processes

A

large for muscular and ligamentous attachments
at same level of own spinous process

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4
Q

describe the facets

A

lie in sagittal plane
superior facets are concave and face medially and slightly posteriorly
inferior facets are convex and face laterally and slightly anterior

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5
Q

are the facets a weight bearing structure?

A

technically yes because they are not 100% in the sagittal plane but not much

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6
Q

what are some passive stabilizers to the lumbopelvic region?

A

ALL
PLL
interspinous, supraspinous and ligamentum flavum
iliolumbar ligaments
thoracolumbar fascia

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7
Q

describe the anterior longitudinal ligament

A

very strong and broad
anterior to AOR

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8
Q

describe the posterior longitudinal ligament

A

narrows to non existence in the lumbar spine
some don’t even have a PLL at this level
posterior to AOR

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9
Q

describe the iliolumbar ligaments

A

5 bands extending from L4 and L5 TPs to iliac crests just above the PSIS
as a whole are very strong and prevent anterior displacement of L4 and L5
posterior to AOR

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10
Q

describe the thoracolumbar fascia

A

3 layers, ant/middle/post
attached to SP and TP and other tissues and muscles

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11
Q

what are the anterior and middle layers of the throacolumbar fascia derivatives of?

A

the quadratus lumborum and attaches to TPs

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12
Q

what does the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia fuse with?

A

the transverse abdominis, gluteus maximus and latisimus dorsi then attaches to the SPs

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13
Q

what do the vertical fibers of the thoracolumbar fascia attach to?

A

gluteus maximus and SP

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14
Q

what do the horizontal fibers of the thoracolumbar fascia attach to?

A

the transverse abdominus and abdominal obliques to SP

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15
Q

what do the oblique fibers of the thoracolumbar fascia attach to?

A

the latissimus dorsi and SP

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16
Q

active muscles create tension of the fascia which transmit what?

A

longitudinal tension to the tips of lumbar SPs for passive stability

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17
Q

describe what happens with co-contraction during lifting in regards to the thoracolumbar fascia?

A

it gets pulled in all directions which means the spine stays in neutral and is safe

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18
Q

what muscles make up the erector spinae group?

A

iliocostalis, longisimus, and spinalis

19
Q

describe the erector spinae muscles as a group

A

common origin on iliac crest and sacrum and insert laterally
diverse= origin to insertion is relatively central to lateral
very long cross many motion segments as well as having multiple attachments

20
Q

what kind of muscle is the erector spinae group? (spurt or shunt)

A

spurt they are a mover muscle

21
Q

what movements does the erector spinae muscles do?

A

extension, lateral bending, and rotation to ipsilateral side

22
Q

describe the multifidi and rotatores

A

short muscles, TP to SP
converge= origin to insertion is relatively lateral to central

23
Q

what kind of muscle are the multifidi and rotatores (shunt or spurt)?

A

shunt muscle because they are stabilizers and cross 1 or 2 segments however have low angle of pull secondary to converging

24
Q

what movements do the multifidi and rotatores do?

A

create SB to same side and rotation to opposite side acting unilaterally, extend.

25
Q

what is the action of the rectus abdominus?

A

to create trunk forward flexion (top-down motion) or posterior pelvic rotation (bottom-up motion)

26
Q

what are the agonists and antagonists to standing trunk flexion?

A

agonist: con RA to initiate flex then gravity
antagonist: ecc errector spinae

27
Q

what are the agonists and antagonists to standing trunk extension?

A

agonist: initial burst of erector spinae then gravity
antagonist: ecc RA

28
Q

is lying on your back going to do a crunch a top down or bottom up motion?

A

top down

29
Q

is a reverse crunch (bringing your knees to chest) a top down or bottom up motion?

A

bottom up

30
Q

how do the external obliques run?

A

start superolateral and run inferomedial “hands in front pockets” - ribs 5-12 to anterior iliac crest and pubic tubercle

31
Q

what is the action of the external obliques?

A

rotate trunk to contralateral side

32
Q

how do the internal obliques run?

A

“hands in back pockets” - inguinal lig, anterior crest to inferior ribs 10-12 and linea alba

33
Q

what is the action of the internal obliques?

A

rotate trunk to ipsilateral side

34
Q

do both the internal and external obliques attach to thoracolumbar fascia?

A

external obliques are questionable but internal definitely do

35
Q

describe co-contraction at the trunk

A

contraction of trunk flexors and extensors simultaneously = core stability
compressive forces inc shear forces dec

36
Q

what 3 things increase with co contraction?

A

intrathecal pressure
intra-abdominal pressure
intradiskal pressure

37
Q

when the erector spinae contract they shorten and thicken which pushes the TFL to do what?

A

increase its passive stabilization component

38
Q

what is the mechanism of force transmission through an IV disc?

A

compression force via superincumbent BW and muscle contraction raise hydrostatic pressure in disc
increased pressure increases tension in annulus fibrosis
this increased annular tension inhibits radial expansion on nucleus-rise in nuclear pressure is exerted on endplates proximal and distal (hoop stress)
increased nuclear pressure reinforces the peripheral annulus fibrosis converting it into a stable WB structure
the pressure is ultimately transmitted across the endplates to the next vertebrae

39
Q

what is the orientation of the lamellar ring of the annulus fibrosis?

A

arranged in multiple concentric layers
every other layer running in the same direction
approx 65-80º from vertical
entire disc itself is a check rein to rotation

40
Q

describe the osteokinematics of the lumbar kinematics

A

facet orientation dictates flexion/extension is primary direction of motion
flexion more limited than extension- flexion requires synergistic activity of pelvis

41
Q

where does the greatest flexion occur?

A

at L4/5 and lumbrosacral junction

42
Q

does SB and rotation increase or decrease from L1-L5?

A

decrease

43
Q

what are the arthrokinematics for flexion?

A

superior and anterior slide (more anterior than superior)

44
Q

what are the arthrokinematics for extension?

A

posterior and inferior

Kines (20 decks)

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