*Lung Cancer Flashcards Preview

Study notes - Respiratory > *Lung Cancer > Flashcards

Flashcards in *Lung Cancer Deck (23)
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1
Q

How can tissue biopsies be taken to diagnose lung cancer? (4)

A

Bronchoscopy
CT guided biopsy
Lymph node biopsy
Aspiration of pleural fluid

2
Q

What is used to assess a patients fitness for chemotherapy?

A

ECOG score

3
Q

How can a tissue sample be taken during bronchoscopy?

A

Biopsy

Brush cytology

4
Q

What is endobronchial ultrasound used to visualise?

A

Hilar and mediastinal structures

5
Q

What are the 5 main types of lung cancer?

A
Small cell
Non--small cell:
Squamous cell
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell
Bronchoalveolar cell
6
Q

What ectopic hormone can small cell lung cancer secrete?

A

ACTH

7
Q

What is the most common type of lung cancer?

A

Adenocarcinoma (followed by scam cell, then small cell, then large cell, then bronchoalveolar cell)

8
Q

What is the most common type of lung cancer in non-smokers?

A

Adenocarcinoma

9
Q

What type of cancer hardly ever occurs in non-smokers?

A

Small cell

10
Q

Treatment of small cell lung cancer?

A

Chemosensitive (usually becomes rapidly resistant) backed up with radiation
Usually disseminated on diagnosis therefore no surgery

11
Q

What lung cancer has the worst survival stats?

A

Small cell lung cancer

12
Q

Is small cell normally central or peripheral?

A

Central

13
Q

How are non-small cell lung cancers normally treated?

A

Surgery (can be backed up with radiotherapy) is normally the curative treatment of choice
If it is more than stage T1 however surgery is not usually performed - there are chemo/radiotherapy regimens been developed but not very sucessful

14
Q

What type of lung cancer can histologically look like lymphocytes and therefore mimic lymphoma?

A

Small cell

15
Q

Is squamous cell normally central or peripheral?

A

Central

16
Q

What type of ectopic hormone does squamous cell carcinoma secrete?

A

PTH (if high levels, can cause Ca to leave bone for blood)

17
Q

What can express p63 and high molecular weight cytokeratins?

A

Squamous cell

18
Q

What type of lung cancer has the highest survival rates?

A

Adenocarcinoma

19
Q

Are adenocarcinoma tumours normally central or peripheral?

A

Periperhal

20
Q

What type of cancer normally has mutations in EFGR?

A

Adenocarcinoma (respond to tyrosine kinase inhibitors e.g. erlotinib)

21
Q

What type of tumour can express TTF1?

A

Adenocarcinoma

22
Q

What is mucin producing tumour?

A

Adenocarcinoma

23
Q

What are the types endobronchial therapy?

A

Stent for stridor
Photo-dynamic therapy
Other laser therapy
Radio-active pellets